The Clinical Relevance of p16 and p53 Status in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva

Table 3

Multivariable outcome analysis by Cox regression for disease-free survival and disease-specific survival.

Variable	Disease-free survival			Disease-specific survival
	HR	95% CI	value	HR	95% CI	value
Age >65 years (ref—age ≤ 65 yrs)	1.20	(0.54–2.50)	0.70	2.12	(0.68–6.61)	0.20
Lesion size >4 cm (ref—≤4 cm)	2.05	(0.91–4.63)	0.08	4.90	(1.52–15.80)	0.008
Depth of invasion >5 mm (ref—≤5 mm)	0.53	(0.24–1.15)	0.11	1.01	(0.34–3.03)	0.98
Lymph node metastases	3.03	(1.25–7.35)	0.01	14.83	(2.92–75.20)	<0.001
Perineural invasion	1.72	(0.70–4.25)	0.24	1.80	(0.64–5.00)	0.27
LVSI	0.84	(0.40–2.00)	0.70	0.61	(0.20–1.83)	0.38
Differentiation—mod/poor (ref—well-differentiated)	1.16	(0.60–2.40)	0.70	1.76	(0.47–6.54)	0.40
Adjuvant radiotherapy	0.64	(0.25–1.65)	0.36	0.53	(0.20–1.55)	0.25
p16 positive (ref—p53-positive)	0.68	(0.31–1.50)	0.33	0.90	(0.31–2.50)	0.80

HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; ref: reference group; LVSI: lymphovascular space invasion.