Journal of Oncology

Review Article

Relationship between Patients’ Baseline Characteristics and Survival Benefits in Immunotherapy-Treated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the studies and participants.


Source	Trial name	NCT #	Phase	Total pt #	Cancer type	Line of therapy	Treatment arms	Pt #	OS HR (95% CI)	Sex	Pt #	OS HR (95% CI)	Age	Pt #	OS HR (95% CI)	ECO G PS	Pt #	OS HR (95% CI)	Smoking status	Pt #	OS HR (95% CI)

2015-Brahmer-N Engl J Med	CheckMate 017	NCT01642004	3	272	Squamous	>1	Nivolumab vs. docetaxel	272	0.59 (0.44-0.78)	Male	208	0.57 (0.41-0.78)	<65	152	0.52 (0.35-0.75)	0	64	0.48 (0.24-0.99)	Current/former smoker	250	0.59 (0.44-0.80)
										Female	64	0.67 (0.36-1.25)	≥65 to <75	91	0.56 (0.34-0.91)	1	206	0.54 (0.39-0.74)
2015-Borghaei-N Engl J Med	CheckMate 057	NCT01673867	3	582	Nonsquamous	>1	Nivolumab vs. docetaxel	582	0.75 (0.62-0.91)	Male	319	0.73 (0.56-0.96)	<65	339	0.81 (0.62-1.04)	0	179	0.64 (0.44-0.93)	Current/former smoker	458	0.70 (0.56-0.86)
										Female	263	0.78 (0.58-1.04)	≥65 to <75	200	0.63 (0.45-0.89)	1	402	0.80 (0.63-1.00)	Never smoked	118	1.02 (0.64-1.61)
2020- Herbst- J Clin Oncol	KEYNOTE-010	NCT01905657	2or3	1033	NSCLC	>1	Pembrolizumab vs. docetaxel	1033	0.69 (0.60-0.80)	Male	634	0.70 (0.58-0.84)	<65	604	0.62 (0.51-0.75)	0	347	0.78 (0.60-1.01)
										Female	399	0.66 (0.52-0.83)	≥65	429	0.79 (0.63-1.00)	1	679	0.64 (0.54-0.76)
2017- Carbone-N Engl J Med	CheckMate 026	NCT02041533	3	541	NSCLC	1	Nivolumab vs. chemotherapy	541	1.08 (0.87-1.34)	Male	332	0.97 (0.74-1.26)	<65	281	1.13 (0.83-1.54)	0	178	1.11 (0.74-1.66)	Former smoker	368	1.09 (0.84–1.42)
										Female	209	1.15 (0.79-1.66)	≥65	260	1.04 (0.77-1.41)	≥1	362	1.02 (0.79-1.32)	Current smoker	107	1.05 (0.63–1.74)
																			Never smoked	59	1.02 (0.54–1.93)
2017- Govindan-J Clin Oncol		NCT01285609	3	749	Squamous	>1	Ipilimumab+chemotherapy vs. placebo+chemotherapy	749	0.91 (0.77-1.07)	Male	635	0.85 (0.71-1.02)	<65	380	0.82 (0.64-1.04)	0	259	0.99 (0.73-1.33)	Heavy smoker	656	0.88 (0.73-1.05)
										Female	114	1.33 (0.84-2.11)	≥65 to <75	298	1.06 (0.81-1.37)	1	485	0.86 (0.70-1.05)	Former/light/nonsmoker	83	1.19 (0.71-1.99)
2021-Corinne- J Thorac Oncol	PACIFIC	NCT02125461	3	713	NSCLC	>1	Durvalumab vs. placebo	713	0.70 (0.57–0.86)	Male	500	0.75 (0.59–0.96)	<65	391	0.64 (0.48–0.86)	0	348	0.84 (0.62–1.15)	Smoker	649	0.73 (0.59–0.91)
										Female	213	0.59 (0.40–0.87)	≥65	322	0.77 (0.58–1.03)	≥1	365	0.59 (0.45–0.77)	Nonsmoker	64	0.42 (0.21–0.82)
2018-Barlesi- Lancet Oncol	JAVELIN lung 200	NCT02395172	3	529	NSCLC	>1	Avelumab vs. docetaxel	529	0.90 (0.73-1.12)	Male	367	0.83 (0.64-1.08)	<65	279	0.84 (0.63-1.13)	0	187	0.73 (0.50-1.08)	Ever smoker	444	0·83 (0·66–1·04)
										Female	162	1.08 (0.74-1.59)	≥65	250	0.98 (0.71-1.34)	1	342	0.99 (0.77-1.28)	Never smoker	84	1·69 (0·97–2·95)
2018- Fehrenbacher -J Thorac Oncol	OAK	NCT02008227	3	1225	NSCLC	>1	Atezolizumab vs. docetaxel	1225	0.80 (0.70-0.92)	Male	758	0.79 (0.66-0.93)	<65	661	0.84 (0.70-1.01)	0	455	0.80 (0.63-1.02)	Current/previous smoker	1017	0·78 (0·67–0·90)
										Female	467	0.81 (0.65-1.01)	≥65	564	0.75 (0.61-0.91)	1	770	0.77 (0.65-0.90)	Never smoked	208	0·91 (0·65–1·29)
2018-Gandhi- N Engl J Med	KEYNOTE- 189	NCT02578680	3	616	Nonsquamous	1	Pembrolizumab+chemotherapy vs. placebo+chemotherapy	616	0.49 (0.38-0.64)	Male	363	0.70 (0.50-0.99)	<65	312	0.43 (0.31-0.61)	0	266	0.44 (0.28-0.71)	Current/former smoker	543	0.54 (0.41–0.71)
										Female	253	0.29 (0.19-0.44)	≥65	304	0.64 (0.43-0.95)	1	346	0.53 (0.39-0.73)	Never smoked	73	0.23 (0.10–0.54)
2018-Paz- Ares-N Engl J Med	KEYNOTE- 407	NCT02775435	3	559	Squamous	1	Pembrolizumab+chemotherapy vs. placebo+chemotherapy	559	0.64 (0.49-0.85)	Male	455	0.69 (0.51-0.94)	<65	254	0.52 (0.34-0.80)	0	163	0.54 (0.29-0.98)
										Female	104	0.42 (0.22-0.81)	≥65	305	0.74 (0.51-1.07)	1	396	0.66 (0.48-0.90)
2019-Mok- Lancet	KEYNOTE- 042	NCT02220894	3	1274	NSCLC	1	Pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy (PD-L1 )	1274	0.81 (0.71-0.93)	Male	902	0.80 (0.68-0.94)	<65	707	0.81 (0.67-0.98)	0	390	0.77 (0.58-1.05)	Never	282	1.00 (0.73-1.37)
										Female	372	0.89 (0.68-1.17)	≥65	567	0.82 (0.66-1.01)	1	884	0.83 (0.71-0.98)	Former	721	0.71 (0.59-0.86)
																			Current	271	0.95 (0.70-1.29)
2019-Reck-J Clin Oncol	KEYNOTE- 024	NCT02142738	3	305	NSCLC	1	Pembrolizumab vs. platinum-based chemotherapy	305	0.63 (0.47-0.86)	Male	187	0.54 (0.36-0.79)	<65	141	0.60 (0.38-0.96)	0	107	0.78 (0.44-1.37)	Current	65	0.81 (0.41-1.60)
										Female	118	0.95 (0.56-1.62)	≥65	164	0.64 (0.42-0.98)	1	197	0.56 (0.39-0.81)	Former	216	0.59 (0.41-0.85)
																			Never	24	0.90 (0.11-7.59)
2019-ReckM- Lancet Respir Med	IMpower150	NCT02366143	3	1202	Nonsquamous	1	ABCP vs. BCP	800	0.76 (0.63-0.93)	Male	479	0.73 (0.57-0.93)	<65	441	0.78 (0.60-1.00)	0	338	0.75 (0.53-1.07)	Never smoker	159	0.66 (0.41-0.85)
										Female	321	0.82 (0.61-1.12)	65-74	281	0.69 (0.49-0.96)	1	456	0.75 (0.59-0.94)	Current/previous smoker	641	0.80 (0.65-0.98)
							ACP vs. BCP	802	0.85 (0.71-1.03)	Male	480	0.82 (0.64-1.04)	<65	449	0.76 (0.59-0.98)	0	359	0.85 (0.61-1.18)	Never smoker	154	0.96 (0.62-1.49)
										Female	322	0.88 (0.65-1.19)	65-74	284	0.97 (0.71-1.32)	1	440	0.84 (0.67-1.06)	Current/previous smoker	648	0.82 (0.66-1.01)
2019-West- Lancet Oncol	IMpower130	NCT02367781	3	679	Nonsquamous	1	Atezolizumab+carboplatin+nab-paclitaxel vs. chemotherapy	679	0·79 (0·64–0·98)	Male	400	0.87 (0.66-1.15)	<65	341	0.79 (0.58-1.08)	0	280	0·85 (0·59–1·22)	Never smoker	65	0·55 (0·26–1·19)
										Female	279	0.66 (0.46-0.93)	≥65	338	0·78 (0·58–1·05)	1	397	0·77 (0·58–1·00)	Current/previous smoker	614	0·81 (0·65–1·02)
2020-Jotte-J Thorac Oncol	IMpower131	NCT02367794	3	1021	Squamous	1	Atezolizumab+carboplatin+nab-paclitaxel vs. carboplatin+nab-paclitaxel	683	0·88 (0·73–1·05)	Male	557	0·91 (0·75–1·12)	<65	326	0·89 (0·68–1·15)	0	225	0·96 (0·69–1·34)	Never smoker	55	0·85 (0·43–1·68)
										Female	126	0·68 (0·44–1·04)	65-74	279	0·84 (0·63–1·13)	1	456	0·82 (0·66–1·02)	Current/previous smoker	627	0·87 (0·72–1·05)
2019-Hellmann-N Engl J Med	CheckMate 227	NCT02477826	3	1739	NSCLC	1	Nivolumab+ipilimumab vs. chemotherapy	1166	0.73 (0.64–0.84)	Male	778	0.68 (0.57–0.80)	<65	611	0.70 (0.58–0.85)	0	395	0.70 (0.54–0.89)	Never smoker	157	0.96 (0.66–1.41)
										Female	388	0.89 (0.70–1.12)	≥65	442	0.76 (0.61–0.95)	1	763	0.77 (0.65–0.90)	Current/previous smoker	996	0.72 (0.62–0.84)
2020-Herbst -N Engl J Med	IMpower110	NCT02409342	3	572	NSCLC	1	Atezolizumab vs. chemotherapy (high PD-L1 expression)	205	0.59 (0.40–0.89)	Male	143	0.57 (0.35–0.93)	<65	102	0.59 (0.34–1.04)	0	73	0.42 (0.20–0.92)	Never	24	1.83 (0.63–5.31)
										Female	62	0.69 (0.34–1.39)	65-74	80	0.63 (0.34–1.19)	1	132	0.69 (0.43–1.10)	Current	49	0.35 (0.14–0.88)
																			Previous	132	0.60 (0.36–1.00)
2021-Nishio-J Clin Oncol	IMpower132	NCT02657434	3	578	Nonsquamous	1	Atezolizumab+carboplatin/cisplatin+pemetrexed vs. carboplatin/cisplatin+pemetrexed	578	0.86 (0.71, 1.06)	Male	384	0.93 (0.73, 1.18)	<65	321	0.88 (0.67, 1.16)	0	240	0.76 (0.55, 1.04)	Never smoker	67	0.78 (0.42, 1.43)
										Female	194	0.76 (0.54, 1.09)	≥65	257	0.84 (0.63, 1.13)	1	336	0.99 (0.76, 1.27)	Current/former smoker	511	0.89 (0.72, 1.09)

Abbreviations: HR = hazard ratio; OS = overall survival; ABCP =atezolizumab plus bevacizumab plus carboplatin plus paclitaxel; ACP =atezolizumab plus carboplatin plus paclitaxel; BCP =bevacizumab plus carboplatin plus paclitaxel.