Research Article
Pretreatment Low Serum Sodium as a Prognostic Factor for Patients with Esophageal Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy
Table 1
Patient and tumor characteristics in relation to serum sodium levels.
| | Characteristic | Total
(%) | Sodium levels (mmol/L) | value | Low serum sodium group
(%) | High serum sodium group
(%) |
| | 256 | 133 (52.0) | 123 (48.0) | | | Age (years) | | | | 0.942 | | Sex | | | | 0.127 | | Male | 196 (76.6) | 107 (80.5) | 89 (72.4) | | | Female | 60 (23.4) | 26 (19.5) | 34 (27.6) | | | KPS | | | | 0.184† | | 70 | 25 (9.8) | 14 (10.5) | 11 (8.9) | | | 80 | 134 (52.3) | 74 (55.6) | 60 (48.8) | | | 90 | 97 (37.9) | 45 (33.8) | 52 (42.3) | | | Tumor sites | | | | 0.302† | | Cervical | 24 (9.4) | 8 (6.0) | 16 (13.0) | | | Upper | 76 (29.7) | 42 (31.6) | 34 (27.6) | | | Middle | 112 (43.8) | 58 (43.6) | 54 (43.9) | | | Lower | 44 (17.2) | 25 (18.8) | 19 (15.4) | | | Histopathology | | | | 0.480‡ | | Squamous | 255 (99.6) | 133 (100) | 122 (99.2) | | | Nonsquamous | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.8) | | | T stage | | | | 0.123† | | T2 | 30 (11.7) | 18 (13.5) | 12 (9.8) | | | T3 | 138 (53.9) | 75 (56.4) | 63 (51.2) | | | T4a | 36 (14.1) | 16 (12.0) | 20 (16.3) | | | T4b | 52 (20.3) | 24 (18.0) | 28 (22.8) | | | Clinical N stage | | | | 0.514† | | N0 | 16 (6.3) | 8 (6.0) | 8 (6.4) | | | N1 | 120 (46.9) | 62 (46.6) | 58 (47.2) | | | N2 | 107 (41.8) | 52 (39.1) | 55 (44.7) | | | N3 | 13 (5.1) | 11 (8.3) | 2 (1.6) | | | M stage | | | | 0.624 | | M0 | 207 (80.9) | 106 (79.7) | 101 (82.1) | | | M1 | 49 (19.1) | 27 (20.3) | 22 (17.9) | | | Clinical stage | | | | 0.713† | | IIB | 9 (3.5) | 3 (2.3) | 6 (4.9) | | | IIIA | 15 (5.9) | 7 (5.3) | 8 (6.5) | | | IIIB | 127 (49.6) | 69 (51.9) | 58 (47.2) | | | IVA | 59 (23.0) | 29 (22.8) | 30 (24.4) | | | IVB | 46 (18.0) | 25 (18.8) | 21 (17.1) | | | Treatment types | | | | 0.106 | | Radiotherapy | 92 (35.9) | 54 (40.6) | 38 (30.9) | | | Chemoradiation | 164 (64.1) | 79 (59.4) | 85 (69.1) | |
|
|
Abbreviation: KPS: Karnofsky performance status. -test. †Mann–Whitney test; ‡Fisher’s exact test. Other values were tested by Pearson’s chi-square ( ) test. Serum sodium levels: low sodium: ≤140.0 mmol/L; high sodium: >140.0 mmol/L. |
