Research Article
A Novel Overall Survival Nomogram Prediction of Secondary Primary Malignancies after Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Population-Based Study
Table 1
Characteristics of hypopharyngeal cancer patients with SPMs.
| | Variable | Total | Training cohort | Validation cohort | | | () | () | () |
| | Age (y) | | | | | | <65 | 363 (59.2%) | 253 (59.0%) | 110 (59.8%) | 0.858 | | ≥65 | 250 (40.8%) | 176 (41.0%) | 74 (40.2%) | | | Gender | | | | | | Female | 113 (18.4%) | 76 (17.7%) | 37 (20.1%) | 0.496 | | Male | 500 (81.6%) | 353 (82.3%) | 147 (79.9%) | | | Marital status | | | | | | Married | 355 (57.9%) | 247 (57.6%) | 108 (58.7%) | 0.858 | | Others | 258 (42.1%) | 182 (42.4%) | 76 (41.3%) | | | Race | | | | | | White | 500 (81.6%) | 349 (81.4%) | 151 (82.1%) | 0.983 | | Black | 83 (13.5%) | 59 (13.7%) | 24 (13.0%) | | | Others | 30 (4.9%) | 21 (4.9%) | 9 (4.9%) | | | Month interval (month) | | | | | | ≤24 | 214 (34.9%) | 140 (32.6%) | 74 (40.2%) | 0.079 | | >24 | 399 (65.1%) | 289 (67.4%) | 110 (59.8%) | | | Diagnose year (y) | | | | | | 2000-2009 | 448 (73.1%) | 317 (73.9%) | 131 (71.2%) | 0.489 | | 2010-2018 | 165 (26.9%) | 112 (26.1%) | 53 (28.8%) | | | Primary site of HPC | | | | | | Pyriform sinus | 359 (58.6%) | 259 (60.4%) | 100 (54.3%) | 0.653 | | Postcricoid region | 14 (2.3%) | 10 (2.3%) | 4 (2.2%) | | | Aryepiglottic fold, hypopharyngeal | 63 (10.3%) | 43 (10.0%) | 20 (10.9%) | | | Posterior wall of the hypopharynx | 42 (6.9%) | 30 (7.0%) | 12 (6.5%) | | | Overlapping lesion of the hypopharynx | 14 (2.3%) | 10 (2.3%) | 4 (2.2%) | | | Hypopharynx, NOS | 121 (19.7%) | 77 (17.9%) | 44 (23.9%) | | | Histology of HPC | | | | | | SCC | 603 (98.4%) | 423 (98.6%) | 180 (97.8%) | 0.497 | | Others | 10 (1.6%) | 6 (1.4%) | 4 (2.2%) | | | SEER stage of HPC | | | | | | Localized | 105 (17.1%) | 76 (17.7%) | 29 (15.8%) | 0.775 | | Regional | 400 (65.3%) | 276 (64.3%) | 124 (67.4%) | | | Distant | 108 (17.6%) | 77 (17.9%) | 31 (16.8%) | | | Surgery for HPC | | | | | | No | 436 (71.1%) | 311 (72.5%) | 125 (67.9%) | 0.285 | | Yes | 177 (28.9%) | 118 (27.5%) | 59 (32.1%) | | | Radiotherapy for HPC | | | | | | No | 65 (10.6%) | 43 (10.0%) | 22 (12.0%) | 0.477 | | Yes | 548 (89.4%) | 386 (90.0%) | 162 (88.0%) | | | Chemotherapy for HPC | | | | | | No/unknown | 198 (32.3%) | 139 (32.4%) | 59 (32.1%) | 1 | | Yes | 415 (67.7%) | 290 (67.6%) | 125 (67.9%) | | | Therapy model for HPC | | | | | | None or alone | 137 (22.3%) | 98 (22.8%) | 39 (21.2%) | 0.674 | | Combined therapy | 476 (77.7%) | 331 (77.2%) | 145 (78.8%) | | | Tumor site of SPM | | | | | | Respiratory system | 228 (37.2%) | 155 (36.1%) | 73 (39.7%) | 0.716 | | Digestive system | 122 (19.9%) | 85 (19.8%) | 37 (20.1%) | | | Oral cavity and pharynx | 123 (20.1%) | 91 (21.2%) | 32 (17.4%) | | | Others | 140 (22.8%) | 98 (22.8%) | 42 (22.8%) | | | Histology of SPM | | | | | | SCC | 299 (48.8%) | 210 (49.0%) | 89 (48.4%) | 0.973 | | Adenocarcinoma | 178 (29.0%) | 125 (29.1%) | 53 (28.8%) | | | Others | 136 (22.2%) | 94 (21.9%) | 42 (22.8%) | | | SEER stage of SPM | | | | | | In situ | 16 (2.6%) | 12 (2.8%) | 4 (2.2%) | 0.725 | | Localized | 262 (42.7%) | 183 (42.7%) | 79 (42.9%) | | | Regional | 154 (25.1%) | 102 (23.8%) | 52 (28.3%) | | | Distant | 137 (22.3%) | 101 (23.5%) | 36 (19.6%) | | | Localized/regional (only for prostate) | 44 (7.2%) | 31 (7.2%) | 13 (7.1%) | | | Surgery for SPM | | | | | | No | 314 (51.2%) | 228 (53.1%) | 86 (46.7%) | 0.159 | | Yes | 299 (48.8%) | 201 (46.9%) | 98 (53.3%) | | | Radiotherapy for SPM | | | | | | No | 419 (68.4%) | 289 (67.4%) | 130 (70.7%) | 0.449 | | Yes | 194 (31.6%) | 140 (32.6%) | 54 (29.3%) | | | Chemotherapy for SPM | | | | | | No | 435 (71.0%) | 305 (71.1%) | 130 (70.7%) | 0.923 | | Yes | 178 (29.0%) | 124 (28.9%) | 54 (29.3%) | | | Therapy model for SPM | | | | | | None or alone | 459 (74.9%) | 323 (75.3%) | 136 (73.9%) | 0.761 | | Combined | 154 (25.1%) | 106 (24.7%) | 48 (26.1%) | |
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Abbreviations: SPMs: second primary malignancies; HPC: hypopharyngeal cancer; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma.
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