Dynamic Predictive Models with Visualized Machine Learning for Assessing the Risk of Lung Metastasis in Kidney Cancer Patients

Figure 1

Variable selection using LASSO method. (a) A coefficient profile plot. The vertical axis represents the coefficients, and the horizontal axis represents log (lambda). (b) A binomial deviance curve. The vertical axis represents the binomial deviance, and the horizontal axis represents log (lambda). Vertical lines were drawn based on 1 standard error criteria. 9 variables with nonzero coefficients were selected by optimal lambda.

(a)

(b)