Research Article
A Lower HCC Incidence in Chronic HBV-Infected Patients Recovered from Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study
Table 2
Cox regression analysis for factors significantly affected the occurrence of HCC in 749 patients enrolled in both of the HBV-ACLF and HBV-CLD cohorts.
| | Variables | No.(%) of participants (N = 749) | Person-years of follow-up | No. of HCC | Incidence per 1000 person-years | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) | | Multivariate analysis HR (95% CI) | |
| | Gender | | Female | 122 (16.3) | 1138.5 | 5 | 4.39 | 1 | | 1 | | | Male | 627 (83.7) | 5035.5 | 45 | 8.94 | 2.86 (1.11–7.35) | 0.029 | 3.08 (1.18–8.04) | 0.021 | | Age (IQR, years) | 42.0 (34.0–49.5) | 6174.0 | 50 | 8.10 | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.18–8.34) | 0.001 | | Cirrhosis | | No | 419 (55.9) | 3744.3 | 20 | 5.34 | 1 | | 1 | | | Yes | 330 (44.1) | 2429.7 | 30 | 12.35 | 1.88 (1.06–3.32) | 0.032 | 2.08 (1.09–3.97) | 0.027 | | Family history of HCC | | No | 704 (94.0) | 5779.8 | 45 | 7.79 | 1 | | | | | Yes | 45 (6.0) | 394.2 | 5 | 12.68 | 1.66 (0.66–4.19) | 0.285 | | | | Alcohol consumption | | No | 574 (76.8) | 4865.8 | 37 | 7.60 | 1 | | | | | Yes | 173 (23.2) | 1289.7 | 13 | 10.08 | 1.07 (0.56–2.04) | 0.840 | | | | HBeAg status | | Negative | 317 (42.3) | 2530.1 | 22 | 8.69 | 1 | | | | | Positive | 432 (57.7) | 3643.9 | 28 | 7.68 | 1.13 (0.64–1.99) | 0.684 | | | | Episode of ACLF | | No | 380 (50.7) | 3575.6 | 35 | 9.79 | 1 | | 1 | | | Yes | 369 (49.3) | 2598.4 | 15 | 5.77 | 0.51 (0.28–0.94) | 0.029 | 0.41 (0.22–0.79) | 0.007 | | HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL) | | <4.0 | 141 (18.8) | 1050.2 | 10 | 9.52 | 1 | | | | | ≥4.0 | 608 (81.2) | 5124.0 | 40 | 7.81 | 1.00 (0.50–2.02) | 0.997 | | | | Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | | ≤40 | 95 (12.9) | 758.3 | 8 | 10.55 | 1 | | | | | >40 | 641 (87.1) | 5311.3 | 41 | 7.72 | 0.87 (0.41–1.87) | 0.723 | | | | Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | | ≤37 | 47 (6.5) | 444.7 | 5 | 11.24 | 1 | | | | | >37 | 681 (93.5) | 5519.4 | 42 | 7.61 | 0.60 (0.24–1.53) | 0.287 | | | | Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | | ≤20 | 88 (12.0) | 903.8 | 4 | 4.43 | 1 | | | | | >20 | 648 (88.0) | 5176.9 | 45 | 8.69 | 1.37 (0.49–3.85) | 0.551 | | | | Albumin (g/L) | | ≥35 | 282 (37.9) | 2731.9 | 19 | 6.95 | 1 | | | | | <35 | 462 (62.1) | 3411.4 | 31 | 9.09 | 0.99 (0.56–1.78) | 0.989 | | | | α-fetoprotein (ng/mL) | | ≤20 | 234 (33.9) | 2093.0 | 19 | 9.08 | 1 | | | | | >20 | 457 (66.1) | 3557.0 | 27 | 7.59 | 0.78 (0.43–1.41) | 0.413 | | | | Platelet count (109/L) | | >100 | 336 (46.0) | 2931.8 | 12 | 4.09 | 1 | | 1 | | | ≤100 | 395 (54.0) | 3052.7 | 37 | 12.12 | 2.79 (1.45–5.35) | 0.002 | 2.09 (1.04–4.16) | 0.038 |
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ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver failure; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CLD, chronic liver disease; IQR, inter-quartile range.
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