A Novel Pseudogene Methylation Signature to Predict Temozolomide Outcome in Non-G-CIMP Glioblastomas

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses in non-G-CIMP GBMs with RT/TMZ or RT monotherapy.

Variables	Univariate Cox model				Multivariate Cox model
	HR	95% CI	value	HR	95% CI	value
Combined discovery cohorts (RT/TMZ)
Patient age (increasing years)	1.037	1.011-1.063	0.005	1.037	1.012-1.063	0.003
The RISK-score signature (low vs. high)	0.199	0.106-0.372	<0.001	0.180	0.092-0.350	<0.001
MGMT methylation status (unmethylated vs. methylated)	2.203	1.232-3.938	0.008	1.826	0.994-3.355	0.052
Gene expression subtypes (nonproneural vs. proneural)	1.276	0.659-2.472	0.469
Dataset source (TCGA vs. GSE60274)	1.223	0.729-2.052	0.446
Combined discovery cohorts (RT monotherapy)
Patient age (increasing years)	1.025	0.989-1.063	0.175
The RISK-score signature (low vs. high)	2.325	1.047-5.166	0.038
MGMT methylation status (unmethylated vs. methylated)	1.274	0.650-2.497	0.480
Gene expression subtypes (nonproneural vs. proneural)	1.033	0.416-2.569	0.944
Dataset source (TCGA vs. GSE60274)	1.689	0.773-3.693	0.189
RAUH cohort (RT/TMZ)
Patient age (increasing years)	1.032	1.003-1.062	0.029	1.035	1.002-1.069	0.039
Pre-adjuvant therapy KPS (≤ 70 vs. >70)	1.319	0.602-2.887	0.489
Extent of surgery (biopsy vs. partial vs. total)	1.034	0.689-1.550	0.872
The RISK-score signature (low vs. high)	0.441	0.249-0.779	0.005	0.528	0.285-0.981	0.043
TERT promoter mutation (no vs. yes)	0.367	0.144-0.932	0.035	0.500	0.178-1.404	0.188
MGMT methylation status (unmethylated vs. methylated)	2.423	1.334-4.401	0.004	2.685	1.366-5.277	0.004
Gene expression subtypes (nonproneural vs. proneural)	1.040	0.569-1.898	0.889

RAUH = Rennes and Angers University Hospitals; TCGA = the Cancer Genome Atlas; G-CIMP = glioma-CpGs island methylator phenotype; MGMT = the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; GBM = glioblastoma; KPS = Karnofsky performance score; TMZ = temozolomide; RT = radiotherapy; TERT = telomerase reverse tranase. Italics were significant results.