Antitumor Effects of Natural Bioactive Ursolic Acid in Embryonic Cancer Stem Cells

<div>UA induces DDR in embryonic CSCs. (a) The images of a comet assay from fluorescence microscopy at 10x and 40x magnification showing the fragmented DNA migration from the nucleoid body that forms a comet tail in NTERA-2 and NCCIT cells after 24 h treatment with 20 <i>μ</i>M UA. (b) Graphical representation of comet length was analyzed as the fold change versus the control and percentage of comet-positive cells with UA treatment in embryonic CSCs. <svg height="13.9365pt" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.834pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 68.0304 13.9365" width="68.0304pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M486 158C486 177 478 202 466 220C413 228 386 236 336 262C386 288 413 297 466 304C478 323 486 347 485 366C470 376 444 381 422 380C389 338 368 319 321 288C323 345 329 372 349 422C339 442 322 461 305 470C289 461 271 442 262 422C281 372 287 345 290 288C243 319 222 338 189 380C167 381 142 376 125 366C125 347 133 322 145 304C198 296 225 288 275 262C225 236 198 227 145 220C133 201 125 177 126 158C141 148 167 143 189 144C222 186 243 205 290 236C288 179 282 152 262 102C272 82 289 63 306 54C322 63 340 82 350 102C330 152 324 179 321 236C368 205 390 186 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602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.737,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"></path></g></svg> (Student’s <i>t</i>-test). (c) Immunoblotting analysis of NTERA-2 and NCCIT cells after treatment with 10 and 20 <i>μ</i>M UA for 24 h showing manifestations of phospho-histone BRCA1, ATM, ATR, CHK1, and CHK2 proteins. Exposure rates were measured by densitometry and were standardized in <i>β</i>-actin levels. Data were received from three different experiments.</div>

Journal of Oncology

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Figure 3

Figure 3: Antitumor Effects of Natural Bioactive Ursolic Acid in Embryonic Cancer Stem Cells 