Ketamine Does Not Change Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery: Basic Experiment and Clinical Trial

Figure 1

The natural killer cytotoxicity (NKCC) in the basic experiment. (a) The NKCC at an effector-to-target cell ratio of 20 : 1. KHYG1 cells were incubated for 4, 24, and 48 h with the indicated concentrations of ketamine (0, 3, and 10 μM), collected by centrifugation, resuspended, and seeded in 96-well plates ( cells/well). K562 cells ( cells/well) were seeded in the same plates as the KHYG1 cells. The two types of cells were thus mixed at an effector-to-target cell ratio of 20 : 1. After 4 h of coculture, we determined the NKCC by measuring the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from K562 cells according to the assay manufacturer’s protocol. No significant difference in NKCC was revealed between the control and ketamine groups at any time point. (b) KHYG1 cells were incubated for 24 h with the indicated concentrations of ketamine (0, 3, and 10 μM) and then cocultured with K562 cells at an effector-to-target cell ratio of 10 : 1. The NKCC was measured by the LDH cytotoxicity assay. KHYG1 cells treated with 10 μM of prednisolone were used as the positive controls. The NKCC data of each of the ketamine groups were similar to that of the control group. vs. prednisolone.

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