The Association between Self-Reported Energy Intake and Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue in Perimenopausal Women

Table 3

Multivariable models of association between self-reported energy intake with ratio of intra-abdominal adipose tissue to subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (IAT : SAT ratio).

Parameters	Model 1^*		Model 2^**		Model 3^***
	Estimate	𝑃-value	Estimate	𝑃-value	Estimate	𝑃-value
Lifestyle factors
Energy intake, for every 500 kcal/day	0.017	0.013	0.017	0.012	0.039	<0.001
Physical activity (per 1 point KPAS score)	—	—	–0.009	0.036	–0.008	0.058
Confounders
African American versus Caucasian women	−0.058	<0.001	−0.063	<0.001	0.079	0.067
Postmenopausal versus pre-/perimenopausal women	0.033	0.019	0.035	0.013	0.038	0.006
Energy intake^*ethnicity interaction	—	—	—	—	−0.044	0.001
Correction factors
Percent body fat, for every 5%	−0.011	0.012	−0.013	0.003	−0.013	0.005
Percent body fat^2	−0.005	0.003	−0.006	0.001	−0.006	0.001
Age	0.005	0.151	0.004	0.079	0.005	0.045
Age^2	0.001	0.058	0.001	0.063	0.001	0.109
Current smoking	0.038	0.020	0.029	0.086	0.034	0.040
Income
Lower than	−0.020	0.264	−0.017	0.349	−0.023	0.213
$50,000 to $75,000	−0.004	0.786	−0.001	0.964	−0.003	0.838
𝑅^2	23%		24%		28%

^∗Model 1 was adjusted for risk groups (ethnicity, menopausal status), income, age and percent body fat.
^∗∗Model 2 was adjusted the same as Model 1 plus physical activity (Kaiser Physical Activity Survey score—every point indicates higher physical activity) and smoking status.
^∗∗∗Model 3 was adjusted the same as Model 2 plus energy intake^*ethnicity interaction.