Novel Echocardiographic Metrics Predict Tricuspid Insufficiency in Pediatric Ebstein Anomaly

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the anterior leaflet mobility (ALM) and anterior leaflet length (ALL) measurement. (a) The angle α between the basal part of the anterior leaflet and the tricuspid annulus plane (dash line) was measured on each frame during the cardiac cycle. The red line indicates the anterior leaflet on the frame with the maximum value of α, and the brown line indicates the anterior leaflet on the frame with the minimum value of α, corresponding to echocardiographic image a and b, respectively. ALM was defined as the maximum value minus minimum value of α (indicated by a blue arc). (b) ALL was measured on the frame with the maximum value of α, and it was defined as the distance from the basal part (^∗) to the apical part (#) of the anterior leaflet, corresponding to echocardiographic image c and d, respectively. aRV, atrialized right ventricle; fRV, functional right ventricle; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; MV, mitral valve; RA, right atrium.

(a)

(b)