Surgical versus Interventional Mitral Valve Repair: Analysis of 1,100 Propensity Score-Matched Patients

Table 1

Patients’ characteristics before and after propensity score matching.

ICD10	Characteristic	Before matching			After matching
		Open repair (N = 1392)	TMVr (N = 960)	SMD	Open repair (N = 550)	TMVr (N = 550)	SMD
		%	%		%	%
	Demographics
	Age, mean ± SD	66.6 ± 11.1	76.1 ± 9.7	0.921	72.1 ± 9.1	72.6 ± 10.1	0.052
	Male	69.04%	63.13%	0.125	64.73%	66.55%	0.038
	Comorbidities
I10-I16	Hypertensive diseases	74.71%	85.63%	0.276	82.36%	82.73%	0.010
I50	Heart failure	62.07%	84.79%	0.532	78%	76.91%	0.026
I50.2	Systolic heart failure	34.84%	55%	0.414	48%	45.82%	0.044
I50.4	Combined systolic and diastolic heart failure	17.46%	32.92%	0.362	28.18%	27.27%	0.020
I48	Atrial fibrillation and flutter	49.50%	64.17%	0.299	58.73%	58.91%	0.004
I49	Other cardiac arrhythmias	30.32%	43.85%	0.283	38%	37.82%	0.004
I05-I09	Chronic rheumatic heart diseases	46.98%	57.40%	0.210	53.46%	52.73%	0.015
I26-I28	Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation	31.83%	49.38%	0.363	42.91%	41.09%	0.037
I42	Cardiomyopathy	26.44%	39.27%	0.276	35.46%	36%	0.011
I38	Endocarditis, valve unspecified	12.07%	16.25%	0.120	11.82%	11.82%	0.000
I33	Acute and subacute endocarditis	5.75%	1.56%	0.224	1.82%	2.18%	0.026
I60-I69	Cerebrovascular diseases	29.89%	38.75%	0.188	35.46%	34.55%	0.019
E00-E89	Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases	80.10%	90%	0.280	87.64%	87.27%	0.011
J00-J99	Diseases of the respiratory system	64.22%	70.31%	0.130	69.27%	70%	0.016
N00-N99	Diseases of the genitourinary system	53.02%	71.77%	0.395	64.55%	66.36%	0.038
K00-K95	Diseases of the digestive system	54.02%	66.25%	0.252	61.64%	62%	0.007
D50-D89	Hematologic and immunologic diseases	51.94%	58.96%	0.142	57.09%	56.18%	0.018
G00-G99	Diseases of the nervous system	46.41%	57.71%	0.228	53.27%	52.55%	0.015
C00-D49	Neoplasms	22.34%	35.52%	0.294	28.73%	29.46%	0.016
A00-B99	Certain infectious and parasitic diseases	24.50%	32.40%	0.176	25.82%	27.82%	0.045
F01-F99	Psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders	43.25%	43.75%	0.010	44.73%	43.46%	0.026
	Medications
	Cardiovascular medications	93.10%	95.63%	0.110	93.27%	94.55%	0.053
	Antiplatelets^†	74.21%	82.60%	0.205	80%	80%	0.000
	Anticoagulants^‡	74.35%	77.60%	0.076	76.73%	78%	0.030
	Previous surgeries
	Surgical procedures on the cardiovascular system	56.18%	72.40%	0.343	65.82%	66.36%	0.012
	Preoperative labs & imaging
	Natriuretic peptide B [mass/volume] ± SD	1830 ± 4440.9	2019.4 ± 6133.7	0.035	1934.5 ± 5083.6	2570.7 ± 8005.2	0.095
	Left ventricular ejection fraction, % ± SD	45.7 ± 18.0%	44.6 ± 16.6%	0.061	42.3 ± 17.5%	44.2 ± 16.5%	0.111

ICD-10: international classification of diseases tenth edition, TMVr: transcatheter mitral valve repair, SMD: standardized mean difference, SD: standard deviation. Cardiovascular medications represents a composite code in TriNetX which include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, direct renin inhibitors, sacubitril, hydralazine, clonidine, methyldopa, minoxidil, angiotensin II inhibitors, alpha blockers, milrinone, bosentan, cilostazol, ivabradine, nitroglycerine, isosorbide, antilipemics (including statins, fibrates, cholesterol binding resins, PCSK9 inhibitors), antiarrhythmics, and digoxin. ^†Antiplatelet medications represents a composite code in TriNetX which includes aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, cangrelor, and dipyridamole. ^‡Anticoagulants represents a composite code in TriNetX which includes warfarin, heparin, low-molecular-weight-heparin, direct factor Xa inhibitors, and direct thrombin inhibitors.