Thoracoscopic Surgical Biatrial Ablation vs. Catheter Ablation in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Table 2

The procedural parameters in CA group.

Parameters	CA (n = 102)
Ablation routes
PVI	102 (100%)
Roof line	98 (96.1%)
Anterior line	93 (91.2%)
LIPV to mitral annulus	97 (95.1%)
RIPV to mitral annulus	97 (95.1%)
CTI line	96 (94.1%)
CS	96 (94.1%)
SVC	2 (2.0%)
Left atrial ridge	28 (27.5%)
Rhythm after ablation
AF	40 (39.2%)
AFL	15 (14.7%)
SR	47 (46.1%)

AF, atrial fibrillation; AFL, atrial flutter; CA, catheter ablation; CS, coronary sinus; CTI, cavotricuspid isthmus; LIPV, left inferior pulmonary vein; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation; RAA, right atrial appendage; RIPV, right superior pulmonary vein; SVC, superior vena cava; SR, sinus rhythm.