Research Article
The Effect of Professional Autonomy and Nursing Work Environment on Nurses’ Patient Safety Activities: A Perspective on Magnet Hospitals
Table 2
Descriptive statistics of professional autonomy, nursing work environment, and nurses’ patient safety activities.
| | Variables | Items | M ± SD | Total ± SD | Min | Max | Range |
| | Professional autonomy | 30 | | 162.06 ± 17.76 | 102 | 225 | 60∼240 | | Low level | 10 | 2.71 ± 0.37 | | 1.20 | 3.70 | 1∼4 | | Middle level | 10 | 5.39 ± 0.69 | 3.80 | 8.00 | 2∼8 | | High level | 10 | 8.11 ± 0.95 | 4.20 | 10.80 | 3∼12 | | Nursing work environment (K-PES-NW) | 29 | 2.55 ± 0.40 | | 1.38 | 3.66 | 1∼4 | | Nurse participation in hospital affairs | 9 | 2.40 ± 0.48 | 1.22 | 4.00 | | Nursing foundations for quality of care | 9 | 2.75 ± 0.40 | 1.67 | 3.67 | | Nurse manager ability, leadership, and support | 4 | 2.80 ± 0.51 | 1.00 | 4.00 | | Staffing and resource adequacy | 4 | 2.09 ± 0.59 | 1.00 | 4.00 | | Collegial nurse-physician relations | 3 | 2.69 ± 0.57 | 1.00 | 4.00 | | Nurses’ patient safety activities | 40 | 4.42 ± 0.42 | | 2.15 | 5.00 | 1∼5 | | Patient identification | 7 | 4.48 ± 0.41 | 2.71 | 5.00 | | Verbal orders | 3 | 4.50 ± 0.59 | 2.33 | 5.00 | | Medication administration | 7 | 4.29 ± 0.51 | 2.57 | 5.00 | | Procedure and surgery | 4 | 4.63 ± 0.52 | 2.00 | 5.00 | | Safety environment | 3 | 3.98 ± 0.83 | 1.67 | 5.00 | | Infection control | 3 | 4.67 ± 0.52 | 1.00 | 5.00 | | Fall prevention | 3 | 4.70 ± 0.50 | 1.67 | 5.00 | | Pressure ulcer prevention | 3 | 4.49 ± 0.64 | 1.33 | 5.00 | | Emergency preparedness | 7 | 4.29 ± 0.66 | 1.29 | 5.00 |
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N = 194.
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