Working Hours Associated with the Quality of Nursing Care, Missed Nursing Care, and Nursing Practice Environment in China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Characteristics of the study participants (N = 12703).
Characteristics
N (%)
Mean (SD)
Range
Hospital grade
Level-III
10476 (82.47)
Level-II
2227 (17.53)
Departments
Internal medicine
4166 (32.80)
Surgery
3629 (28.57)
Gynecology and obstetrics
854 (6.72)
Pediatric
660 (5.20)
Neonatology
59 (0.46)
Others
1761 (13.86)
ICU
728 (5.73)
NICU
274 (2.15)
PICU
81 (0.64)
Specialist ICU
491 (3.87)
Age (years)
32.07 (6.79)
20∼60
≤25
1830 (14.41)
26–34
7473 (58.83)
35–44
2565 (20.19)
≥45
835 (6.57)
Gender
Male
361 (2.84)
Female
12342 (97.16)
Educational background
Special secondary school
77 (0.61)
Junior college
1836 (14.45)
Undergraduate
10669 (83.99)
Postgraduate
121 (0.95)
Overtime work
Yes
3853 (30.33)
No
8850 (69.67)
Shift
Day
8831 (69.52)
Night
3872 (30.48)
Work seniority (years)
<2
1372 (10.81)
2–5
2008 (15.80)
5–10
4088 (32.18)
Work seniority (years)
10–20
3938 (31.00)
>20
1297 (10.21)
Professional-technical title
Nurse
2066 (16.26)
Senior nurse
5917 (46.58)
Nurse in charge
4304 (33.88)
Assistant director nurse or above
416 (3.28)
Missed nursing care (top3)a
0∼4
Changing sheets
5627 (7.03)
Emotional support to patient and/or family
5182 (6.47)
Turning patient every 2 hours
4846 (6.05)
Causes of missed nursing careb
0∼18
Management
62740 (25.92)
4.94 (5.26)
Communication
62464 (25.81)
4.92 (5.16)
Labor resources
82455 (34.07)
6.49 (3.90)
Material resources
34379 (14.2)
2.71 (2.81)
Quality of nursing care
Poor
22 (0.17)
0∼4
Average
1317 (10.37)
Good
5577 (43.90)
Excellent
5787 (45.56)
Satisfaction of the nursing practice environment
3081.88 (739.37)
0∼3700
Note. a: N = rarely(1) + occasionally(2) + frequently(3) + always(4). b: N = significant reason(3) + moderate reason(2) + minor reason(1).
