A Safety Huddle Intervention in In-Patient Surgical Units: A Mixed-Methods Study

Table 1

Mean scores of variables pre- and postintervention with paired t-test (N = 89).

Variables	Preintervention	Postintervention	Mean difference^a	t
	M (SD)	M (SD)
Unit outcomes
Organizational learning	3.07 (0.70)	3.45 (0.61)	0.38	5.00	<0.001
Situation monitoring	3.61 (0.54)	3.73 (0.52)	0.12	2.03	0.046
Mutual support	3.60 (0.49)	3.67 (0.52)	0.08	1.31	0.195
Speaking up climate	3.44 (0.52)	3.54 (0.59)	0.09	1.62	0.110
Nurse outcomes
Promotive behavior	2.55 (0.73)	2.93 (0.81)	0.38	4.60	<0.001
Prohibitive behavior	2.87 (0.72)	3.19 (0.73)	0.32	4.20	<0.001
Job satisfaction	3.15 (0.74)	3.16 (0.81)	0.01	0.16	0.876
Patient care outcomes
Patient safety rating	2.36 (0.53)	2.60 (0.65)	0.24	3.08	0.003
Quality of care	2.44 (0.46)	2.82 (0.49)	0.38	6.76	<0.001

^aMean difference, the difference between post-test and pretest scores (post-test–pretest).