Inclusive Human Resource Management and Nurses’ Innovative Behavior during Crisis Events: The Roles of Job Crafting and Shared Leadership

Table 3

The definitions and measures of study variables.

Variable	Definition	Dimensions	No. of items	Source
IHRM	IHRM refers to a set of interdependent HRM policies and practices that respect employee differences, recognize employee values, leverage employee expertise, enhance organizational equity, and provide employees with autonomy, flexibility, and the necessary support	Diverse selection, personalized configuration, inclusive development, participatory assessment, and targeted compensation	20	[12, 14]
Shared leadership	Shared leadership depicts an interactive process characterized by collaborative decision-making and shared responsibility whereby group members lead each other to achieve goals	Team learning, perceived team support, and member-member exchange	16	[30]
Job crafting	Job crafting is defined as the changes made by employees to balance their job demands and job resources with personal abilities and needs in response to organizational change	Increasing structural job resources, increasing social job resources, increasing challenging job demands, and decreasing hindering job demands	21	[22, 25]
Nurses’ innovative behavior	Innovative behavior refers to the intentional generation, promotion, and implementation of new ideas within a work role, group, or organization. Nurses’ innovative behavior may manifest as incremental adjustments to current healthcare processes, services, and products or as innovative pragmatic solutions to restore and enhance patients’ health	One dimension	6	[5, 7]