Job Resources and Core Self-Evaluation as Predictors of Nurse Engagement and Patient-Safety Outcomes: A Longitudinal Study

Table 1

Baseline demographic characteristic differences in response to 18-month engagement and patient-safety outcomes (N = 2,618).

Characteristics	N (%)	Engagement	Safety outcomes
Gender
Female	2586 (98.8)	82.42 ± 22.02	8.05 ± 2.46
Male	31 (1.2)	78.55 ± 21.56	8.19 ± 2.70
value		0.328	0.749
Age
≤30	1327 (42.3)	81.29 ± 22.39	8.15 ± 2.51
>30	1291 (57.7)	83.52 ± 21.59	7.96 ± 2.40
value		0.010	0.049
Highest education level
College degree or below	552 (21.2)	84.58 ± 22.56	7.91 ± 2.43
University degree or above	2055 (78.9)	81.80 ± 21.84	8.09 ± 2.47
value		0.008	0.128
Marital status
Single	1913 (73.1)	80.31 ± 22.85	8.32 ± 2.68
Married	705 (26.9)	83.15 ± 21.67	7.95 ± 2.37
value		0.003	0.001
Work years (years)
≤10	1534 (58.6)	81.27 ± 22.08	8.14 ± 2.47
>10	1084 (41.4)	83.97 ± 21.86	7.93 ± 2.44
value		0.002	0.030
Professional title
Nurse	1453 (55.5)	81.43 ± 22.39	8.12 ± 2.54
Nurse practitioner or above	1165 (44.5)	83.58 ± 21.51	7.97 ± 2.35
value		0.013	0.120
Annual salary ($)
≤8,430	1603 (61.2)	81.42 ± 22.54	7.90 ± 2.39
>8,430	1015 (38.8)	83.92 ± 21.12	8.29 ± 2.54
value		0.005	<0.001

Note. Data are represented in n (percentage) or mean ± standard deviation.