ATF4 Involvement in TLR4 and LOX-1-Induced Host Inflammatory Response to Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis

Figure 3

Increased expression of ATF4-stimulated HCECs and THP-1 macrophages. (a) With the stimulation of LPS, β-1, 3-glucan, TGF-β, IL-1β, and A. fumigatus conidia, ATF4 protein levels in HCECs were not changed significantly at 8 hours. (b) ATF4 protein levels in HCECs did not change significantly at 16 hours with the stimulation of LPS, β-1, 3-glucan, TGF-β, and IL-1β, but significantly increased with A. fumigatus conidia. (c) With the stimulation of LPS, β-1, 3-glucan, TGF-β, IL-1β, and A. fumigatus conidia, ATF4 protein levels in THP-1 macrophages did not change significantly at 8 hours. (d) ATF4 protein levels in HCECs were higher after stimulation with LPS, TGF-β, IL-1β, and A. fumigatus conidia at 16 hours, but did not change significantly with β-1, 3-glucan. The mean values and standard deviations of two independent experiments are shown; , .

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