Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitor Usage and Age-Related Macular Degeneration among Hypertensive Patients: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2008

Table 5

Multivariate-adjusted ORs for AMD subtypes in relation to long-term RASI treatment among RASI users.

	OR (95% CI)
Early AMD manifestations
Pigmentary abnormalities	0.76 (0.49–1.18)	0.21
Any soft drusen	0.67 (0.45–0.99)	0.04
Late AMD subtypes
Exudative AMD (wet)	1.24 (0.35–4.36)	0.73
Geographic atrophy (dry)	0.39 (0.22–0.71)	0.003

Adjusted for age, stroke history, cataract surgery history, heart disease, and HDL. Long-term use was defined as taking RASI for more than 5 years. Reference group: patients taking RASIs for less than 5 years. OR: odds ratio; AMD: age-related macular degeneration; CI: confidence interval; RASI: renin-angiotensin system inhibitor; HDL: high-density lipoprotein.