Multimodal Imaging Features of Schnyder Corneal Dystrophy

Table 2

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT), and histology findings of seven eyes of seven patients with Schnyder corneal dystrophy.

Patient and eye	SD-OCT		IVCM		FF-OCT	Histology
	Cross-sections	En face sections	Epithelium	Stroma
1 LE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma	Hyperreflectivity in epithelium and stroma; stromal striae visible in the posterior stroma	HD, BM undulations, thin subepithelial nerves, and increased background reflectivity	Undetectable keratocyte nuclei, HD, rare needle-shaped deposits, visible stromal striae	HD in epithelium and stroma, hyperreflective BM, undetectable keratocyte nuclei, visible stromal striae	Epithelial BC nuclei surrounded by a clear halo and mild cytoplasmic vacuolization, epithelium detached from BL, empty interlamellar stromal vacuoles
2 LE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma	Hyperreflectivity in epithelium and stroma; stromal striae visible in the posterior stroma	HD, BM undulations, thin subepithelial nerves and increased background reflectivity	Undetectable keratocyte nuclei, HD, rare needle-shaped deposits, visible stromal striae	HD in epithelium and stroma, hyperreflective BM, undetectable keratocyte nuclei, visible stromal striae	Normal epithelial BC, preserved BL, numerous interlamellar vacuoles, some keratocyte nuclei still visible
3 RE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma and in midperiphery	NA	HD, BM undulations and hyperreflectivity, thin subepithelial nerves	Undetectable keratocyte nuclei, HD, rare needle-shaped deposits, visible stromal striae	NA	Epithelium absent, preserved BL, numerous interlamellar vacuoles, some keratocyte nuclei still visible
4 LE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma	Hyperreflectivity in epithelium and stroma; stromal striae not visible	Normal epithelium, BM undulations, thin subepithelial nerves	Rare keratocyte nuclei, HD/high background reflectivity, rare needle-shaped deposits, visible stromal striae	NA	Epithelial BC nuclei surrounded by a clear halo and mild cytoplasmic vacuolization, preserved BL, empty interlamellar stromal vacuoles
5 LE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma and in mid-periphery; thickened epithelial basement membrane	Hyperreflectivity in epithelium and stroma; irregular basement membrane	HD, increased background reflectivity	Undetectable keratocyte nuclei, HD, rare needle-shaped deposits, visible stromal striae	NA	Epithelial parakeratosis, peripheral hyperplasia, preserved BL, anterior stroma fibrosis, stromal vacuoles
6 LE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma and in midperiphery	NA	HD, some needle-shaped deposits	Undetectable keratocyte nuclei, HD, needle-shaped and rectangular deposits, visible stromal striae	NA	Epithelial BC nuclei surrounded by a clear halo, preserved BL, empty interlamellar stromal vacuoles
7 RE	Hyperreflective stromal opacities maximum in the central anterior stroma in and midperiphery; posterior optical shadow	Hyperreflectivity in epithelium and stroma; stromal striae visible in the posterior stroma	Normal epithelium	Multiple tangled needle-shaped deposits in the anterior stroma, decreased keratocyte density	NA	BC nuclei surrounded by a clear halo and mild cytoplasmic vacuolization, preserved BL, empty interlamellar stromal vacuoles

LE = left eye, RE = right eye, HD = hyperreflective deposits, BM = basement membrane, BC = basal cells, BL = Bowman layer, NA = not available.