Nailfold Capillary Hemorrhages: Microvascular Risk Factors for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Table 7
Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis of nailfold capillary abnormalities in relation to IOP (mm Hg), previous glaucoma surgery, and surgical outcomes in POAG patients.
Nailfold microvascular feature
IOP >15 (n = 129) vs. IOP ≤15 (n = 77)
Previous surgery (n = 55) vs. no surgery (n = 118)
Successful (n = 19) vs. unsuccessful (n = 36) surgery
OR (95% CI)
value
OR (95% CI)
value
OR (95% CI)
value
Hemorrhages/100 capillaries
0.0
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
>0.0 and <1.0
1.7 (0.6–4.8)
0.07
0.6 (0.2–2.0)
0.42
3.3 (0.1–80.1)
0.17
≥1.0 and <2.0
0.7 (0.2–1.9)
1.4 (0.4–4.8)
1.2 (0.0–33.9)
≥2.0
0.6 (0.2–1.6)
0.9 (0.3–2.7)
7.4 (0.3–178.3)
Any hemorrhages
0.8 (0.3–2.0)
0.71
0.9 (0.3–2.5)
0.80
3.4 (0.2–60.4)
0.37
Dilated capillaries/100 capillaries
0.0
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
>0.0 and <1.0
1.1 (0.5–2.6)
0.99
2.2 (0.9–5.4)
0.38
1.0 (0.1–8.1)
0.06
≥1.0 and <2.0
1.0 (0.4–2.6)
1.4 (0.5–4.1)
5.0 (0.8–32.9)
≥2.0
0.9 (0.4–2.2)
1.5 (0.5–4.4)
13.0 (0.9–192.1)
Any dilated capillaries
1.0 (0.5–1.9)
0.96
1.7 (0.9–3.5)
0.12
3.6 (0.9–14.8)
0.08
Avascular zones/100 capillaries
0.0
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
1.0 (ref)
>0.0 and <0.75
1.1 (0.3–4.4)
0.67
0.3 (0.0–2.6)
0.23
———
0.27
≥0.75
0.7 (0.3–1.6)
0.5 (0.1–1.6)
3.3 (0.4–28.4)
Any avascular zones
0.8 (0.4–1.7)
0.54
0.4 (0.1–1.2)
0.09
3.3 (0.4–28.4)
0.27
The model adjusts for age (in years), sex, race, family history of glaucoma, hypertension, use of antiplatelet medication, and study site. CI, confidence interval; IOP, intraocular pressure; OR, odds ratio; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; Ref, reference.
