Research Article
Determining Risk Factors That Affect Progression in Patients with Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Table 2
Summary of demographics and medical history.
| | Variable | Summary statistics (N = 230) |
| | Demographics | | Age at initial eye exam (years, ±SD (range)) | 56.0 (±10.0) (20–84) | | Sex (females (%)) | 143 (62.2%) | | Race/ethnicity (%) | | | White | 20 (8.7%) | | Black | 50 (21.7%) | | Hispanic | 158 (68.7%) | | Asian | 2 (0.9%) |
| | Baseline systemic characteristics and medical history | | Type of diabetes mellitus (type 2, %) | 225 (97.8%) | | Duration of diabetes mellitus (years, ±SD (range)) | 13.1 (±7.5) (0.8–38.7) | | HbA1c level (%, ±SD (range)) | 9.7 (±2.4) (5.4–16.8) | | Insulin-dependent (%) | 62 (27.0%) | | Smoking status (%) | | | Previous smoker | 40 (17.4%) | | Current smoker | 17 (7.4%) | | Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, ±SD (range)) | 135.6 (±18.2) (91–205) | | Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, ±SD (range)) | 76.3 (±11.6) (51–111) | | Hypertension (%) | 184 (80.4%) | | Hyperlipidemia (%) | 172 (74.8%) | | Presenting with systemic diseases (%) | 43 (18.7%) | | Myocardial infarction (%) | 5 (2.2%) | | Severe blockage requiring coronary artery bypass graft (%) | 7 (3.0%) | | Cerebrovascular accident (%) | 8 (3.5%) | | Chronic kidney disease (%)1 | 19 (8.6%) | | Amputation (%) | 12 (5.2%) |
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1Missing 10 data points.
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