Casein Kinase 2-Interacting Protein-1 Alleviates High Glucose-Reduced Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells via Activating the p62/KEAP1/NRF2 Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

High glucose induced activation of autophagy in ARPE-19 cells. (a) Expression levels of the autophagic marker LC3 and Beclin-1 were determined by Western blots. (b) The expression of the autophagic substrate p62 was determined by Western blots. The transfected efficacy of CKIP-1 was evaluated by RT-PCR (c) or Western blots (d).  < 0.001 vs. NG;  < 0.001 vs. control. NG, normal glucose (5.5 mM); MG, mannitol (20 mM); HG, high glucose (25 mM); NC, pcDNA3.1 vector; CKIP-1, pcDNA3.1-CKIP-1.

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