Surgical Results of Phacoemulsification Performed by Residents: A Time-Trend Analysis in a Teaching Hospital from 2005 to 2021
Table 3
Time trend of complication rates in different steps of phacoemulsification performed by residents.
Jul 2005–Sep 2007
Oct 2007–Dec 2009
Jan 2010–Mar 2012
Apr 2012–Jun 2014
Jul 2014–Sep 2016
Oct 2016–Dec 2018
Jan 2019–Mar 2021
value
Events/cases
63/226
42/201
28/193
28/237
16/182
17/178
14/192
Rate in step A (events/cases)
0.4%
0.5%
0%
0%
0.5%
0%
0%
0.6761
(1/226)
(1/201)
(0/193)
(0/237)
(1/182)
(0/178)
(0/192)
Rate in step B (events/cases)
10.2%
9.5%
6.2%
6.8%
2.8%
2.2%
2.6%
0.0007
(23/226)
(19/200)
(12/193)
(16/237)
(5/181)
(4/178)
(5/192)
Rate in step C (events/cases)
13.3% (27/203)
9.6% (17/177)
7.9% (13/165)
5.6% (11/198)
5.6% (9/162)
6.0% (10/168)
3.8% (7/184)
0.0085
Rate in step D (events/cases)
5.3% (10/187)
3.2% (5/156)
1.5% (2/135)
0.7% (1/143)
0.8% (1/124)
2.2% (3/138)
0.6% (1/163)
0.027
Rate in step E (events/cases)
1.1% (2/186)
0%
0.8%
0%
0%
0%
0.6%
0.4103
(0/153)
(1/133)
(0/142)
(0/122)
(0/134)
(1/161)
A: wound incision; B: anterior capsulorhexis; C: hydrodissection, hydrodelineation, and emulsification of nucleus; D: irrigation and aspiration of cortex; and E: IOL insertion. value by Chi-squared test.
