Research Article
New Keratoconus Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Case—Control Study
Table 1
Population characteristics.
| | | Cases, N = 195 | Controls, N = 195 | value1 |
| | Sex | | | >0.99 | | Men | 130 (67) | 130 (67) | | | Women | 65 (33) | 65 (33) | |
| | Age | 32 ± 12; 30 (11–80) | 32 ± 12; 30 (10–79) | 0.93 | | Keratometry, diopters | | | | | Kmax (mean right and left) | 49.1 ± 5.0; 48.2 (22.0–68.4) | 43.7 ± 1.5; 43.6 (37.8–47.6) | <0.001 | | Missing | 9 | 0 | | | Kmax right | 49.3 ± 5.1; 48.2 (41.7–71.3) | 43.7 ± 1.6; 43.8 (37.4–47.9) | <0.001 | | Missing | 21 | 0 | | | Kmax left | 48.7 ± 5.1; 47.7 (40.4–74.2) | 43.6 ± 1.6; 43.7 (38.2–47.4) | <0.001 | | Missing | 22 | 0 | |
| | Pachymetry, microns | | | | | Thinnest (mean right and left) | 441 ± 66; 452 (117–572) | 543 ± 37; 544 (385–620) | <0.001 | | Missing | 10 | 0 | | | Thinnest right | 444 ± 69; 458 (117–572) | 543 ± 37; 544 (380–632) | <0.001 | | Missing | 22 | 0 | | | Thinnest left | 444 ± 70; 458 (226–582) | 542 ± 41; 545 (269–622) | <0.001 | | Missing | 21 | 0 | |
| | Amsler–krumeich classification | Right | Left | Both | | | | 1 | 73 (38) | 79 (41) | 152 (39) | | | | 2 | 43 (22) | 42 (22) | 85 (22) | | | | 3 | 36 (19) | 39 (20) | 75 (19) | | | | 4 | 22 (11) | 13 (6.7) | 35 (9) | | | | Graft | 20 (10) | 21 (11) | 41 (11) | | |
| | Time since diagnosis (years) | 7 ± 9; 4 (0–50) | | | | | | Intracorneal rings | 13 (6.7) | | | | | | Cross-linking | 53 (27) | | | | |
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Data are (%) or mean (SD)/median (range); the 1chi-square test; and the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
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