Association of Axial Length and Refraction with Near Horizontal Heterophoria in Chinese Children: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Table 3

SE and AL in children with different types of near heterophoria.

Heterophoria	N	SE	AL
Exophoria	7154	−1.20 ± 1.63^a	23.53 ± 1.11^c
Orthophoia	2566	−0.97 ± 1.45	23.42 ± 1.05
Esophoria	1293	−1.22 ± 1.74^b	23.53 ± 1.10^d
H/F		21.328	9.098
value		<0.001	<0.001

^aA significant difference between exophoria and orthophoria as determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test. ^bA significant difference between orthophoria and esophoria as determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test. ^cA significant difference between orthophoria and esophoria as determined by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). ^dA significant difference between orthophoria and esophoria as determined by an analysis of variance (ANOVA).