Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among HIV-Infected Patients Seeking Healthcare in a Rural Hospital in Ghana
Table 3
Logistic regression analysis on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics associated with intestinal parasitic infection among the study participants.
Parameter
IP present
No IP present
value
OR (95% CI)
value
Age
≤35
6 (1.79)
106 (31.64)
0.8119
1.02 (0.296 to 3.507)
0.977
>35
14 (4.18)
209 (62.39)
Ref
Ref
Education
None
14 (4.18)
238 (71.04)
0.0002
–
–
Basic
1 (0.30)
16 (4.78)
0.94 (0.116 to 7.617)
0.955
Secondary
3 (0.90)
61 (18.21)
1.20 (0.333 to 4.294)
0.784
Tertiary
2 (0.60)
0 (0.00)
Ref
Ref
Marital
Single
11 (3.28)
156 (46.57)
0.6532
2.09 (0.275 to 15.927)
0.475
Married
9 (2.69)
159 (47.46)
Ref
Ref
Employment
Employed
7 (2.09)
175 (52.24)
0.1037
6.34 (1.082 to 37.123)
0.041
Unemployed
13 (3.88)
140 (41.79)
Ref
Ref
Toilet facility type
Open defecation
7 (2.09)
96 (28.66)
0.0854
12.17 (0.390 to 379.756)
0.155
Pit latrine
10 (2.99)
205 (61.19)
53.00 (1.512 to 1858.251)
0.029
Water closet
3 (0.90)
14 (4.18)
Ref
Ref
Source of feeding
Home prepared
18 (5.37)
288 (85.97)
0.6876
1.2 (0.2603 to 4.632)
0.34
Buys from outside
2 (0.60)
27 (8.06)
Ref
Ref
Source of drinking water
Sachet water
10 (2.99)
188 (56.12)
0.483
0.68 (0.2715 to 1.684)
0.5356
Borehole
10 (2.99)
127 (37.91)
Ref
Ref
Deworming history
≤3 months
1 (0.30)
42 (12.54)
<0.0001
20.63 (0.576 to 738.008)
0.097
4–6 months
–
40 (11.94)
–
–
7–11 months
1 (0.30)
3 (0.90)
0.07 (0.002 to 1.983)
0.117
≥12 months
1 (0.30)
5 (1.49)
0.23 (0.021 to 2.459)
0.224
None
17 (5.07)
225 (67.16)
Ref
Ref
Deworming exercises witnessed
Yes
2 (0.60)
18 (5.37)
0.3388
0.54 (0.1302 to 2.535)
0.290
No
18 (5.37)
297 (88.66)
Ref
Ref
Data are presented as frequencies with corresponding percentages in brackets. IP = intestinal parasite, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, and Ref = reference; value significant at .
