Evaluation of Four Multiple Imputation Methods for Handling Missing Binary Outcome Data in the Presence of an Interaction between a Dummy and a Continuous Variable

Table 1

Comparison of the performance of imputation methods based on the average raw bias (RB) of regression coefficients over 1000 simulations.

Variable	Method	MAR					MCAR
		10%	20%	30%	40%	50%	10%	20%	30%	40%	50%
(BMIreal)	MCR	0.024	0.050	0.082	0.119	0.145	0.028	0.054	0.083	0.112	0.157
	MI	0.001	0.006	0.012	0.016	0.020	0.002	0.008	0.012	0.000	0.020
	MRF	−0.013	−0.024	−0.028	−0.038	−0.052	−0.009	−0.017	−0.026	−0.040	−0.040
	MS	−0.071	−0.123	−0.177	−0.228	−0.278	−0.069	−0.129	−0.178	−0.236	−0.276
(Betotal)	MCR	−0.010	−0.021	−0.034	−0.050	−0.058	−0.011	−0.023	−0.032	−0.044	−0.066
	MI	0.001	0.001	0.004	0.000	0.009	0.000	0.000	0.004	0.008	0.003
	MRF	−0.034	−0.064	−0.092	−0.124	−0.142	−0.031	−0.062	−0.087	−0.112	−0.139
	MS	−0.087	−0.156	−0.213	−0.266	−0.308	−0.086	−0.157	−0.218	−0.267	−0.314
(PACS4)	MCR	−0.023	−0.036	−0.052	−0.073	−0.086	−0.010	−0.016	−0.030	−0.041	−0.053
	MI	−0.003	0.004	0.006	0.008	0.011	0.001	0.005	0.005	0.008	0.008
	MRF	−0.054	−0.091	−0.129	−0.167	−0.196	−0.034	−0.066	−0.098	−0.123	−0.151
	MS	−0.118	−0.184	−0.236	−0.278	−0.311	−0.086	−0.156	−0.217	−0.264	−0.312
(PSPS)	MCR	−0.020	−0.036	−0.055	−0.071	−0.095	−0.008	−0.022	−0.034	−0.046	−0.063
	MI	0.000	−0.001	0.002	−0.001	0.000	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.005	0.004
	MRF	−0.052	−0.094	−0.129	−0.167	−0.200	−0.032	−0.066	−0.097	−0.126	−0.156
	MS	−0.113	−0.187	−0.237	−0.280	−0.314	−0.087	−0.158	−0.218	−0.271	−0.315
(Gender)	MCR	0.000	−0.005	−0.022	−0.033	−0.035	−0.012	−0.025	−0.040	−0.062	−0.068
	MI	0.004	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.018	−0.001	0.004	−0.006	−0.002	0.003
	MRF	−0.015	−0.027	−0.054	−0.071	−0.080	−0.024	−0.043	−0.068	−0.086	−0.102
	MS	−0.043	−0.070	−0.097	−0.121	−0.132	−0.051	−0.084	−0.115	−0.141	−0.162
(BMIreal ∗ Gender)	MCR	−0.076	−0.144	−0.228	−0.304	−0.390	−0.072	−0.136	−0.225	−0.300	−0.401
	MI	−0.002	0.000	−0.010	0.006	−0.003	0.002	0.001	0.000	0.003	−0.004
	MRF	−0.128	−0.233	−0.345	−0.431	−0.517	−0.119	−0.231	−0.327	−0.417	−0.514
	MS	−0.236	−0.405	−0.533	−0.628	−0.716	−0.231	−0.399	−0.534	−0.631	−0.722