Angiotensin Receptor Blocker and Neprilysin Inhibitor Suppresses Cardiac Dysfunction by Accelerating Myocardial Angiogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Figure 2

Changes in cardiac parameters via echocardiography after 12 weeks of treatment. Changes in (a) IVSTd, (b) LVPWd, (c) LVDd, (d) LVDs, (e) HR, (f) LVEF, and (g) LVFS in each group. IVSTd: interventricular septum thickness diameter; LVPWD: left ventricular posterior wall thickness diameter; LVDd: left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVDs: left ventricular internal dimension in systole; HR: heart rate; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS: left ventricular fractional shortening; CTL: control group; VAL: valsartan group; SAC: sacubitril group; VAL/SAC: valsartan plus sacubitril group. CTL (), VAL (), SAC (), and VAL/SAC () were investigated. , †, and ‡ indicate significant differences compared with CTL, VAL, and SAC, respectively.

(a) Δ IVSTd

(b) Δ LVPWd

(c) Δ LVDd

(d) Δ LVDs

(e) Δ HR

(f) Δ LVEF

(g) Δ LVFS