Research Article

Renin Trajectories and Outcome in Stable Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) on Contemporary Therapy: A Monocentric Study from an Austrian Tertiary Hospital Outpatient Clinic

Table 2

Crude and multivariable Cox regression analysis assessing the impact of baseline and 1-year delta renin levels on all-cause mortality and unplanned HF hospitalization.

Crude HR (95% CI) valueModel I HR (95% CI) valueModel II HR (95% CI) valueModel III HR (95% CI) value

All-cause mortalityBaseline renin (per 100 μIU/ml increase)1.01 (0.99-1.02)0.4141.01 (1.00-1.03)0.0621.02 (1.00-1.03)0.0371.01 (0.99-1.02)0.313
Δ-Renin % at 1 year (per 10% increase)1.00 (1.00-1.00)0.2411.00 (1.00-1.00)0.3411.00 (1.00-1.00)0.3501.00 (1.00-1.00)0.219

Unplanned HF hospitalizationBaseline renin (per 100 μIU/ml increase)1.01 (1.00-1.02)0.0151.01 (1.00-1.02)0.0191.01 (1.00-1.02)0.0141.01 (1.00-1.02)0.066
Δ-Renin % at 1 year (per 10% increase)1.00 (1.00-1.00)0.9871.00 (1.00-1.00)0.9991.00 (1.00-1.00)0.8611.00 (1.00-1.00)0.703

Model I: adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. Model II: model I + additional adjustment for comorbidity type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Model III: adjusted for NT-proBNP, NYHA class, and aldosterone.