Multihopping Multilevel Clustering Heterogeneity-Sensitive Optimized Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Table 1

Comparison of the state-of-the-art clustering routing protocols.

Features	MHMLC	LEACH	CEEC	DEEC, SEP, ESEP	MLEACH
Heterogeneity-aware	√			√
Extendable	√			√	√
Manageable	√		√
Distance-based design	√		√
Avoiding sudden dissipation	√		√		√
Coverage of whole network	√		√		√
Controlled CHs formation	√		√
Controller assistance	√				√
Reducing complexity	√	√
Network support	√	√
Online reconfiguration	√	√
Energy efficiency	√
Hierarchal forwarding	√				√
Avoiding redundant transmissions	√	√	√		√
Application-aware	√		√	√
Higher data delivery	√				√
Cooperative routing for long range transmission	√			√	√