The State-of-the-Art of Knowledge-Intensive Agriculture: A Review on Applied Sensing Systems and Data Analytics

Table 1

Use of sensors and data analytic techniques in different areas of agriculture.

Analytics and ICT	Sensors used	Purpose	Area	References
Image processing	Satellite data Sensors	Monitoring/estimating yield, water content check, feeding process observation	Agronomy, aquaculture	[4, 11, 17, 41]
Computer vision	3D camera, depth sensors	Lameness assessment, harvesting fruit	Animal husbandry, horticulture	[27, 28, 34]
Pattern recognition	GPS/sensors, RFID/weight sensors, structured light sensor	Preventing cattle rustling classifying/epidemic warning, behavioral studies	Animal husbandry, apiculture	[31, 32, 42]
WSN	Environmental sensors	Detect hive changes, monitoring	Apiculture, aquaculture	[35, 38, 40]
Cloud computing	Smart devices, wireless nodes	Remote access, monitoring bee colonies	Animal husbandry, apiculture	[30, 39]
Others	Satellite LED and sensors	Crop biomass estimation hydroponics cultivation	Agronomy, horticulture	[18, 26]