An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Based on Layers and Unequal Clusters in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Algorithm 1

Cluster formation algorithm.

1: Procedure cluster formation

2: for each node Ni

3: calculate the layer number LN

4: Ni < − LN

5: end for

6: for each node Ni

7: broadcast N_HELLO

8: end for

9: for each node Ni received N_HELLO packet

10: if node’s LN in received packet = Ni’s LN

11: record message of neighbors

12: else drop the packet

13: end if

14: end for

15: for each node Ni

16: if LN ≠ 1

17: Ni calculate Tc

18: end if

19: end for

20: for each node Ni

21: while Tc does not expire

22: end while

23: if did not receive N_COM packet

24: calculate competition radius Rc

25: broadcast N_COM packet within Rc

26: else CH(Sj) < -N_COM packet

26: end if

27: end for

28: for each node received N_COM packet

29: calculate cost (i) value

30: send the N_JOIN packet

31: end for

32: for each head node

33: record the member nodes

34: end for

35: end procedure