Detection of Marine Oil Spills Based on HOG Feature and SVM Classifier

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005a.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Original image</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005b.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Grayscale image</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005c.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>Rotate the image by <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 16.6412 11.0031" width="16.6412pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M456 178V225H360V632H320C217 496 115 347 20 206V178H280V106C280 40 276 34 189 27V0H445V27C364 34 360 39 360 106V178H456ZM280 225H82C149 335 214 431 278 520H280V225Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.527,-5.741)"><path d="M339 262C339 340 273 403 193 403S48 340 48 262S113 121 193 121S339 184 339 262ZM283 262C283 210 242 168 193 168S104 210 104 262S144 356 193 356S283 314 283 262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="d"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005d.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005d" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(d) </b>Rotate the image by <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 16.6412 11.0031" width="16.6412pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M244 635C114 635 38 519 38 422C38 317 111 240 217 240C236 240 255 244 277 256L345 292C311 140 203 39 59 15L64 -15C89 -15 150 -5 204 17C339 72 440 202 440 386C440 521 368 635 244 635ZM228 602C326 602 352 479 352 390C352 370 351 347 348 324C327 308 293 296 258 296C174 296 124 369 124 458C124 517 152 602 228 602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.241,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.481,-5.741)"><path d="M339 262C339 340 273 403 193 403S48 340 48 262S113 121 193 121S339 184 339 262ZM283 262C283 210 242 168 193 168S104 210 104 262S144 356 193 356S283 314 283 262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="e"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005e.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005e" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(e) </b>Denoised image</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="f"><td><object data="https://static-preview.hindawi.com/articles/js/volume-2022/3296495/figures/3296495.fig.005f.svgz" name="3296495.fig.005f" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(f) </b>Enhanced image</td></tr></table>

Journal of Sensors

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Detection of Marine Oil Spills Based on HOG Feature and SVM Classifier 