[Retracted] Performance Evaluation of Spectral Efficiency for Uplink and Downlink Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems

Algorithm 1

Sequence of Simulation.

Proposed algorithm

Step 1: According to Table 5, adjust the simulation parameters.

Step 2: Randomly drop UEs in each cell and compute UL sequence

Step 3: Generate random estimated channel vectors

Step 4: Compute receive combining vectors

Step 5: Compute DL sequence for precoding

Step 6: Compute precoding vectors

Step 7: If MMSE algorithm = true

   And resulting SINRUL as eq.(22) and eq. (27)

   End

Step 8: Compute SE for

    &

    bit/Hz

Step 9: Plot of figures

   SE for multi-cell combining & precoding schemes; M-MMSE, S-

   MMSE, RZF, ZF, MR