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| S. no. | Proposed system | Future recommendations | References |
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| 1. | This study has built a system that can get real-time data and use it to compute the appropriate amount of water to be utilized in a garden. By using sensor data from temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, this method has the capacity to save up to 34% of water or up to 26% when just relying on temperature variables | The project aims to use machine learning to predict future garden conditions and prepare for droughts and environmental conditions. It also aims to extend its application to agriculture, where multiple crops with varying water needs affect irrigation times | [20] |
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| 2. | This article provides a thorough analysis of the most recent developments and technologies in the field of IoT-based smart farming. The commercial IoT-based devices created for smart farming are also discussed in this article | IoT devices for smart farming are typically put in outlying areas. Therefore, it is important to guarantee the stability and dependability of the communication channels. Each piece of equipment used in smart farming should be robust enough to survive the severe conditions found in rural regions, such as dust, wetness from animals, etc. | [21] |
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| 3. | The objective of this research is to examine the various efforts and progress achieved in enhancing water utilization efficiency, water preservation, and food security via the use of Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring and control systems. The article suggests that researchers and farmers can use the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor agricultural operations in real-time, collect data, and use data-driven control, machine learning, and deep learning techniques to make intelligent predictions about crop production, water use, and weather conditions | To improve precision irrigation, researchers should give priority to enhancing model-based and adaptive controllers by including real-time monitoring. Furthermore, it is essential to analyze the progress of advanced digital irrigation technology to ensure that the developed system can provide a dependable, appropriate, and economical solution for conventional farmers to improve water utilization efficiency and mitigate water scarcity in agricultural practices | [22] |
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| 4. | This study covers numerous approaches to improving agricultural production in open-field vegetable crops while reducing water body pollution and contains many current publications published in this area. With a focus on evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of current irrigation scheduling methods, the main applications that are now available for use are described | Future applications should focus on user-friendly techniques and scientific irrigation scheduling methods for farmers. Advanced irrigation technology should be combined with time management strategies, considering local crop needs and soil characteristics, to reduce water contamination risks. Simple irrigation controllers can be used to differentially irrigate the fields according to their requirements | [23] |
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| 5. | This paper provides an overview of the progress made in sprinkler irrigation technology in China over the years. It presents a comprehensive summary of research on the principles of sprinkler irrigation and the advancements in sprinkler irrigation equipment. Additionally, it highlights the current areas of focus and potential future directions for research and development in sprinkler irrigation technology in China | The paper suggests developing rotational sprinklers with various pressures, including medium, high, low, energy-efficient, wind-resistant, and multifunctional options. Choose the most effective irrigation technique for each location, considering soil, crops, climate, and management. Develop wired or wireless sensor networks, intelligent sprinkler systems, and data-gathering tools. Implement automatic sprinkler irrigation equipment, including flow meters, solenoids, and control devices. Integrate irrigation control systems with water, fertilizer, and pesticide, considering variable irrigation supply, placement, and control equipment | [24] |
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| 6. | The study uses secondary data-gathering techniques and a qualitative methodology as its foundation. Automated irrigation systems are crucial for water conservation; this development may significantly reduce water use. IoT and automation are coupled with agriculture and agricultural practices to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the entire operation | One of the suggestions is related to the intensive R&D undertaken to pinpoint the present inefficiencies in processes and techniques and to build a new method for improved outcomes. Significant gains from R&D may enable the firm to guarantee long-term effectiveness. As a result, the company may be given the chance to pinpoint areas where IoT and WSN procedures need to be improved | [25] |
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| 7. | A microdrip irrigation model is developed for multiple cash crops like cotton, jute, and groundnuts | Geographical circumstances and resource accessibility are the primary determinants of irrigation. The selection of an irrigation system requires a careful evaluation of geographical factors | [26] |
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