Research Article

Prognostic and Risk Factors in Patients with Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Trunk and Extremities

Table 2

Univariate analysis of risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of trunk and extremities.

Variables+ Lymph node metastasis n (%)− Lymph node metastasis n (%)p

Clinical
Gender
 Male16 (64.0%)16 (53.3%)0.584
 Female9 (36.0%)14 (46.7%)
Race
 Caucasian22 (88.0%)27 (90.0%)1.000
 African3 (12.0%)3 (10.0%)
Ambient
 Rural4 (16.0%)5 (16.7%)1.000
 Urban21 (84.0%)25 (83.3%)
Chronic Sun exposure
 Yes14 (66.7%)13 (72.2%)0.742
 No7 (33.3%)5 (27.8%)
Anatomic location of primary tumor
 Lower extremities8 (32.0%)14 (46.7%)0.151
 Upper extremities14 (56.0%)9 (30.0%)
 Trunk3 (12.0%)7 (23.3%)
Previous non neoplasic lesion
 Yes7 (72.0%)6 (20.0%)0.537
 No18 (28.0%)24 (80.0%)
TNM Classification
 T313 (52.0%)20 (66.7%)0.286
 T412 (48.0%)10 (33.3%)
Tumor length*
 Breslow 0–8 mm14 (56.0%)8 (44.5%)0.533
 Breslow >8 mm10 (44.0%)10 (55.5%)
Mitosis/mm2
 0–322 (44.9%)27 (55.1%)0.573
 >33 (50.0%)3 (50.0%)
Tumor grade
 I11 (44.0%)14 (46.6%)1.000
 II-III14 (56.0%)16 (53.4%)
Intratumoral lymphocitic infiltrate
 Negative2 (8.0%)10 (33.4%)0.046
 Positive23 (92.0%)20 (66.6%)
Peritumoral lymphocitic infiltrate
 Negative2 (8.0%)7 (23.4%)0.160
 Positive23 (92.0%)23 (76.6%)
Vascular infiltrate
 Negative20 (80.0%)28 (93.3%)0.226
 Positive5 (20.0%)2 ( 6.7%)
Perineural infiltrate
 Negative24 (96.0%)30 (100.0%)0.455
 Positive1 (4.0%)0 (0.0%)
Tumor markers
EGFR
 Negative17 (68.0%)24 (80.0%)0.363
 Positive8 (32.0%)6 (20.0%)
HER-2
 Negative25 (100%)30 (100%)Not calculated
 Positive00
HER-3
 Negative1 (4.0%)6 (20.0%)0.112
 Positive24 (96.0%)24 (80.0%)
HER-4
 Negative16 (65.0%)12 (41.4%)0.083
 Positive9 (35.0%)17 (59.6%)
Membrane E-cadherin
 Negative12 (54.5%)14 (46.7%)0.779
 Positive10 (45.5%)16 (53.3%)
Cytoplasm E-cadherin
 Negative17 (73.9%)20 (46.6%)0.764
 Positive 6 (26.1%)10 (63.4%)
Podoplanin
 Negative13 (52.0%)19 (63.3%)0.425
 Positive12 (48.0%)11 (36.7%)

*Only 42 cases.