Continuous Exposure to Low Doses of Ultrafine Black Carbon Reduces the Vitality of Immortalized Lung-Derived Cells and Activates Senescence

Figure 4

UBC induces little to no apoptosis as measured by caspase-3/7 activity. Cells were UBC-treated as described in Materials and Methods. On day 9, the cells were harvested and stained for active caspase-3/7 for flow cytometric analysis. The data were normalized to the positive control for apoptotic death (hydrogen peroxide-treated cells) for each individual cell line, ((a), (b), (c), and (d)). Data are shown as the mean of two-three duplicates and are representative of three independent experiments. Statistically significant at in comparison to the untreated controls.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)