Continuous Exposure to Low Doses of Ultrafine Black Carbon Reduces the Vitality of Immortalized Lung-Derived Cells and Activates Senescence

Table 1

Percentage of cell populations displaying viable and apoptotic trends conducted via flow cytometry.

		PI (−) viability	FITC-annexin V (+) apoptosis
A549	Media Ctrl	40.17 ± 2.95	37.92 ± 3.60
	H2O2 Ctrl (10 mM)	2.42 ± 0.40	53.33 ± 12.93
	0.3 μg/mL UBC	27.83 ± 2.76	36.08 ± 1.11
	1.0 μg/mL UBC	28.67 ± 3.13	35.83 ± 1.54
	3.0 μg/mL UBC	24.92 ± 3.12	37.70 ± 1.79
LA4	Media Ctrl	86.00 ± 1.10	54.08 ± 5.84
	H2O2 Ctrl (10 mM)	4.50 ± 0.67	58.00 ± 6.83
	0.3 μg/mL UBC	80.08 ± 0.60	49.60 ± 4.14
	1.0 μg/mL UBC	78.17 ± 0.73	43.70 ± 3.57
	3.0 μg/mL UBC	73.17 ± 1.22	46.30 ± 4.09
RAW 264.7	Media Ctrl	83.33 ± 2.69	8.00 ± 1.63
	H2O2 Ctrl (10 mM)	19.17 ± 4.48	60.00 ± 8.69
	0.3 μg/mL UBC	79.13 ± 2.43	19.17 ± 0.79
	1.0 μg/mL UBC	78.13 ± 2.52	20.33 ± 1.41
	3.0 μg/mL UBC	82.67 ± 2.88	32.17 ± 3.48
THP1	Media Ctrl	78.33 ± 2.64	11.17 ± 0.87
	H2O2 Ctrl (10 mM)	23.00 ± 0.97	51.67 ± 10.42
	0.3 μg/mL UBC	78.83 ± 2.88	10.67 ± 0.84
	1.0 μg/mL UBC	81.17 ± 2.53	8.83 ± 0.75
	3.0 μg/mL UBC	79.83 ± 2.46	10.00 ± 0.68

Statistically significant at in comparison to media controls (untreated).