Mercury, Lead, and Cadmium in the Muscles of Five Fish Species from the Mechraâ-Hammadi Dam in Morocco and Health Risks for Their Consumers

Table 10

Comparisons of recorded trace metal levels in the muscles of the fish species during the present study with the literature reported from different areas (mg/kg of wet weight).

Fish species	Region	Cd	Pb	Hg	References
C. carpio	Kasumigaura Lake (Japan)	0.009	0.031	—	[6]
L. macrochirus, B. callensis, and B. nasus	Moulouya River (Morocco)	0.001–0.006	0.016–0.200	0.009–0.187	[26]
L. graellsii, R. rutilus, and L. gibbosus	Station 1 from the Llobregat River (Spain)	0.007, 0.004, 0.009, resp.	0.095, 0.107, 0.078, resp.	—	[27]
B. barbus and L. cephalus	Shahid Rajaei Dam (Iran)	0.018, 0.04, resp.	—	0.7, 0.37, resp.	[28]
A. brama danubii, A. alburnus, B. meridionalis petenyi, C. auratus gibelio, C. carpio, L. gibbosus, L. cephalus, P. fluviatilis, R. rutilus, and S. erythrophthalmus	Šalek Lake (Slovenia)	≤0.01	0.01–0.04	0.03–0.16	[29]
B. barbatula, S. cephalus, and B. barbus	Sure River (Luxembourg)	0.024, 0.027, 0.028, resp.	0.037, 0.018, 0.034, resp.	0.037, 0.298, 0.096, resp.	[30]
L. aeneus, L. kimberleyensis, and L. umbratus	Vaal Dam (South Africa)	<0.0012	0.012, 0.007, 0.008, resp.	0.096, 0.133, 0.05, resp.	[31]
T. nilotica	High Dam Lake (Egypt)	0.018	0.13	—	[32]
P. anatolicus, A. akili, G. gobio microlepidotus, L. lepidus, C. gibelio, C. carpio, S. erythrophthalmus, S. lucioperca, and T. tinca	Beyşehir Lake (Turkey)	0.8, 0.8, 0.47, 0.43, 0.46, 0.43, 0.46, 0.43, 0.55, resp.	0.57, 1.05, 0.71, 0.4, 0.5, 0.57, 0.39, 0.32, 0.67, resp.	—	[33]
M. cephalus and L. ramada	Manzala Lake (Egypt)	0.216–0.334, 0.102–0.222, resp.	0.332–0.596, 0.286–0.486, resp.	—	[34]
P. flavescens	A range of Lakes (Canada)	0.338–2.598	—	—	[35]
L. kimberleyensis	Vaal Dam (South Africa)	—	0.101	—	[36]
G. holbrooki	Fouarat Lake and Sebou; Estuary (Morocco)	—	0.0002–0.1967	—	[37]
A. anguilla	Moulay Bousselham Lagoon (Morocco)	—	0.002	—	[38]
B. xanthopterus, and B. rajanorum mystaceus	Atatürk Dam (Turkey)	Not detected	0.68, 0.66, resp.	—	[39]
C. regium, A. marmid, C. trutta, C. mossulensis, C. luteus, and C. carpio	Atatürk Dam (Turkey)	Not detected	Not detected	Not detected	[45]
S. triostegus, A. marmid, A. vorax, C. trutta, C. luteus, C. mossulens, and C. carpio	Atatürk Dam (Turkey)	—	—	0.011–0.130	[46]
M. salmoides	Sipsey River (USA)	—	—	0.87	[47]
A. anguilla, L. cephalus cabeda, and C. toxostoma	Cecina River (Italy)	—	—	0.82, 0.558, 0.65, resp.	[48]

Tissue concentrations found in dry weight were converted to wet weight by multiplying by a factor of 0.2 (considering an average water content in fish tissues of 80%) [54].