Journal of Toxicology / 2021 / Article / Tab 3 / Review Article
Toxicity of Nanoparticles in Biomedical Application: Nanotoxicology Table 3 Neurotoxic effects of some nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles Toxic effects References Carbon nanotubes Inflammation in the olfactory bulb. Promotes ROS formation, increases oxidative stress, inhibits cell proliferation and apoptosis. [136 , 137 ] Silver NPs Increases oxidative stress and decreases the anti-oxidation capacity of the antioxidative enzymes in frontal cortex and hippocampus of mice. [138 ] Titanium oxide NPs Induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, genotoxicity, neurotransmitters dysregulation, disrupted signaling pathways, and plasticity of the synapse. [139 –141 ] Iron oxide NPs Neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and immune cell infiltration have been reported as a side effect of exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles. [142 –145 ] Silica It causes cognitive dysfunction impairment, synaptic changes, an increase in oxidative stress, and microglial function alteration. [146 , 147 ] Organic NPs It causes dose-dependent inflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and accumulation in the frontal cortex. [134 , 148 –153 ]