Toxicological Assessments of a Proprietary Blend of Punica granatum Fruit Rind and Theobroma cacao Seed Extracts: Acute, Subchronic, and Genetic Toxicity Studies

Table 9

Summary of observations of in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay in the presence or absence of the metabolic activation.

S9	Treatments	Concn. (μg/plate)	Revertant colony count (mean ± SD)
			TA97a	TA98	TA100	TA102	TA1535	TA1537	WP2uvrA
+	DMSO^a	0	114.33 ± 10.79	25.67 ± 2.52	124.67 ± 1.53	322.00 ± 18.33	14.67 ± 0.58	12.00 ± 1.00	13.33 ± 1.53
	LN18178	312.5	103.00 ± 5.29	24.67 ± 1.53	121.67 ± 2.08	314.00 ± 6.24	14.33 ± 1.53	10.67 ± 1.15	11.00 ± 1.00
		625	108.00 ± 3.61	23.00 ± 1.00	121.67 ± 3.06	306.33 ± 2.52	13.00 ± 2.00	11.67 ± 0.58	10.67 ± 1.53
		1250	113.00 ± 3.61	23.67 ± 1.53	120.67 ± 2.52	318.00 ± 3.61	13.00 ± 1.00	10.67 ± 1.53	12.00 ± 1.73
		2500	110.67 ± 6.43	26.00 ± 1.00	123.67 ± 2.52	321.33 ± 2.52	13.00 ± 1.00	12.00 ± 1.00	10.33 ± 1.53
		5000	107.00 ± 4.36	23.67 ± 1.53	121.33 ± 1.53	310.33 ± 3.79	14.33 ± 0.58	11.33 ± 1.15	11.67 ± 1.53
	2-Amino-anthracene^b	20	1335.00 ± 44.84	1204.67 ± 20.13	1228.33 ± 37.63	2704.00 ± 189.75	1164.00 ± 54.44	200.33 ± 13.20	—
		30	—	—	—	—	—	—	173.67 ± 21.55
−	DMSO^a	0	121.33 ± 3.51	26.67 ± 2.08	124.67 ± 2.52	235.67 ± 8.50	12.67 ± 0.58	10.00 ± 2.65	12.67 ± 1.53
	LN18178	312.5	118.33 ± 5.51	24.00 ± 1.00	122.67 ± 1.53	229.00 ± 3.00	12.00 ± 1.00	8.67 ± 0.58	10.33 ± 1.53
		625	113.33 ± 3.79	26.00 ± 2.00	121.00 ± 2.00	233.67 ± 4.51	11.33 ± 1.15	9.00 ± 1.00	10.67 ± 0.58
		1250	122.00 ± 1.00	25.33 ± 1.53	121.67 ± 2.52	234.67 ± 5.13	12.00 ± 1.00	9.67 ± 0.58	11.33 ± 2.08
		2500	121.00 ± 2.65	26.00 ± 2.00	123.00 ± 2.00	230.67 ± 2.52	11.33 ± 1.53	9.33 ± 0.58	11.00 ± 1.00
		5000	121.33 ± 1.53	26.33 ± 1.53	122.33 ± 1.53	232.00 ± 3.61	11.33 ± 0.58	9.33 ± 1.53	10.67 ± 1.53
	9-Aminoacridine^b	50	1335.33 ± 44.74	—	—	—	—	178.33 ± 24.11	—
	Sodium azide^b	10	—	—	1229.33 ± 36.30	—	1182.33 ± 45.63	—	—
	2-Nitrofluorene^b	25	—	1274.67 ± 40.61	—	—	—	—	—
	4-NQO^b	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	208.67 ± 15.53
	Ametycin^b	0.5	—	—	—	1998.00 ± 26.00	—	—	—

Data are presented as mean ± SD, DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide, NQO, nitro quinoline oxide; ^a and ^b indicate vehicle and positive controls, respectively, indicates significant changes () compared with the control group.