|
Soils | Region/area | No. of PAH | Range | Mean | Reference |
|
Forest soil | North Bavaria | 20 | | 666 | Krauss et al. [47] |
Switzerland | Arabic soils | 16 | 60–145 | 66 | Bucheli et al. [48] |
Agricultural soils | Korea | 16 | | 158 | Nam et al. [49] |
Agricultural soils | Shantou China | 16 | 22–1256 | 318 | Hoa et al. [50] |
Urban agricultural soil | Bayreuth | 20 | 280–2200 | 640 | Krauss and Wilcke [51] |
Urban soils | New Orleans | 16 | | 3700 | Mielke et al. [52] |
Indira Gandhi International Airport soil | India | 12 | 2394–7529 | 4430 ± 1450 | Ray et al. [53] |
Military airfield soils | Poland | 16 | 249–5657 | — | Baran et al. [54] |
West Macedonia lignite-fired power plants | Greece | 16 | 55.2–495 | — | Stalikas et al. [55] |
Linz industrial area | Austria | 18 | | 1450 | Weiss et al. [56] |
Tianjin industrial area | China | 16 | 818.2 ± 796.2 | — | Wang et al. [57] |
Novi Sad oil refinery (after Kosovo War) | Serbia and Montenegro | 16 | 47870 | — | Škrbic´ and Miljevic´ [58] |
Kohtla-Jarve oil shale thermal treatment, industry, power station, and traffic | Estonia | 18 | 12390 ± 9810 | — | Trapido [59] |
50 m from an oil refinery (Zelzatz) | Belgium | 7 | 300,000 | — | Bakker et al. [60] |
1.3–4.2 km from an oil refinery | Belgium | 7 | 3000–14000 | — | Bakker et al. [60] |
Coal mine soil | Huaibei and Huainan China | 16 | 130–3540 | 840 | Wang et al. [61] |
Industrial areas soil | Yangtze River Delta, China | 16 | 189.5–1070.4 | 471.30 | Wang et al. [16] |
Soils around a chemical plant | Shanxi, China | 16 | 3870–76000.0 | 12600 | Jiao et al. [62] |
Forest fires soil | South Korea | 16 | — | 1.570 | Kim et al. [63] |
Rural, urban, and industrial soils | Estonia | 16 | 50−22 | — | Trapido [59] |
Urban soil | USA (Miami, Florida) | 16 | 251–2364 | — | Banger et al. [64] |
Mangrove fresh soil | Nigeria (Lagos) | 16 | 65.5–188.0 | — | Sojinu et al. [65] |
Floodplain soil | Nigeria (Niger Delta) | 16 | 812–10700 | — | Tesi et al. [66] |
Urban soils | Nigeria (Niger Delta) | 16 | 182–433 | — | Abbas and Brack [67] |
Soil vicinity oil installation | Nigeria (Niger Delta) | 16 | 24–120 | — | Sojinu et al. [68] |
Urban soils | Nigeria (Niger Delta) | 16 | 188–684 | — | Iwegbue et al. [69] |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Choba, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 7417 | This study |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Eleme, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 6787 | This study |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Khana, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 6325 | This study |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Trans-Amadi, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 7972 | This study |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Uyo, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 8799 | This study |
Agricultural soil | Nigeria (Yenagoa, Niger Delta) | 16 | — | 7394 | This study |
|