NETosis Secondary to the Use of Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine: A Likely Underlying Mechanism of Vasculopathy

Table 1

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with LAC-associated vasculitis (n = 25).

Sociodemographic data, n (%)
Age (years)			34 [25–51]
Sex		Female	4 (16)
		Male	21 (84)
Substance abuse		Alcohol	16 (64)
		Marijuana	19 (71)
		Tobacco	19 (71)
Clinical and histopathological findings
Necrosis of earlobes			20 (80)
Arthralgias/arthritis			16 (64)
Skin ulcers			9 (36)
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia			7 (28)
Nephritis		Immune complexes	9 (36)
		Other nephritis	6 (24)
Pseudovasculitis			4 (16)
Pyoderma gangrenosum			3 (12)
Vasculitis		Leukocytoclastic	2 (8)
Vasculopathies		Thrombotic	2 (8)
Laboratory findings
Neutropenia			4 (16)
Hypocomplementemia		C3	13 (52)
		C4	3 (12)
Autoantibodies		ANAs	14 (56)
		ANCAs	24 (92)
		p-ANCA	9 (36)
		Anti-MPO	16 (64)
		Anti-PR3	7 (28)
Creatinine (mg/dl)		PWN	1.8 [1.1–4.0]
		PWON	0.7 [0.6–0.8]
Blood count	Hemoglobin	PWN	8.8 [7.6–12]
		PWON	10.6 [9.9–13.4]
	VSG	PWN	81 [52–103]
		PWON	87 [59.5–120]
	Platelets	PWN	342000 [239000–425000]
		PWON	407000 [236750–461500]
	Neutrophils	PWN	3310 [2100–5550]
		PWON	3190 [2697–6388]
	Lymphocytes	PWN	1180 [820–2300]
		PWON	1230 [675–2059]

Median and range. Median and interquartile range.