Visceral Leishmaniasis with Associated Common, Uncommon, and Atypical Morphological Features on Bone Marrow Aspirate Cytology in Nonendemic Region

Table 2

Common hematological and bone marrow findings observed in leishmaniasis.

	Number of cases	Percentage of cases (%)
Peripheral blood smear
Pancytopenia	26	96.2
Anemia	27	100
Leucopenia	26	96.2
Thrombocytopenia	26	96.2
Others (agglutination, fragmented RBC, or Rouleaux formation)	25	92.5
Bone marrow aspirate cytology
Increased histiocytes	27	100
Plasmacytosis	26	96.2
Erythroid hyperplasia	22	81.4
Distribution of LD bodies
Intrahistiocytic only	00	00
Extrahistiocytic only	01	3.7
Mixed	26	96.2
Hemophagocytosis (mild to moderate)	19	70.3
Average parasite density (1-2+)	24	88.8
Bone marrow biopsy (total 19 cases)
Increased cellularity	05	26
Increased vascularity	06	31.5