Review Article
Prevalence of Human Bocavirus in Africa and Other Developing Countries between 2005 and 2016: A Potential Emerging Viral Pathogen for Diarrhea
Table 3
Human Bocavirus studies in Africa between 2005 and 2016.
| Country | Study period | Setting | Age range | Sampled population | Tested samples | Positive Samples () | Hospitalized | Outpatient | Sample type | Symptoms | Detection method | HBoV type | Reference |
| Cameroon | 2011-2013 | Urban | Children aged ≤15 years | children | 347 | 37 (10.6%) | 347 | - | Throat | Respiratory tract infection | Multiplex PCR | 1 | [86] |
| Egypt | 2013-2015 | Urban | 1 month-2 years | children | 100 | 2 (2%) | 40 (40%) | 60 (60%) | Stool | Diarrhea | PCR | 1 | [95] | 2013-2014 | Urban | ≤ 36 months | children | 95 | 54 (56%) | 11 (40%) | 43 (63%) | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | Real-time PCR | 1 | [8] |
| Kenya | 2013 | Urban | ≤5 | children | 125 | 21 (16.8%) | 125 | - | Throat | Respiratory tract infection | PCR | 1 | [59] | 2007-2009 | Urban | All age group | Children/adults | 384 | 7 (1.8%) | - | 384 | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | PCR | 1,2,3,4 | [3] |
| Senegal | 2007 | Rural | ≤5 | children | 82 | 1 (1.2%) | - | 82 | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | PCR | 1 | [4] | 2009-2011 | Urban | All age group | Children/adults | 232 | 1 (0.43%) | - | 232 | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | Real-Time PCR | 1 | [115] |
| South Africa | 1998-2000 | Urban | <2 | children | 1460 | 174 (22.8%) | 1460 | - | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | RT-PCR | 1 | [116] | 2004 | Urban | 2 days–12 years | children | 341 | 38 (11%) | 341 | - | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | PCR | 1 | [54] | 2004-2005 | Urban | 2 months to 6 years | children | 242 | 18 (7.4%) | 242 | - | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | Nested PCR | 1 | [117] | 2009-2010 | Rural | 3 months to <5 years | children | 260 | 30 (11.5%) | - | 260 | Nasal | Respiratory tract infection | PCR | 1 | [118] |
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