High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: A Cross-Sectional Study at Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Table 3

Prevalence of multidrug resistance of Enterobacteriaceae against 5 antimicrobial categories and ESBL production.

Species	R0	R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	n (%) MDR	n (%) (XDR	n (%) PDR	n (%) ESBL (species)
E. coli (339)	93	58	45	49	72	22	143 (42.2)	121 (35.7)	22 (6.5)	89 (62.2)
K. pneumoniae (56)	10	10	7	12	9	8	29 (51.8)	21 (37.5)	8 (14.3)	23 (79.3)
Citrobacter freundii (11)	—	3	5	1	1	1	3 (27.3)	2 (18.2)	1 (9.0)	2 (66.7)
P. mirabilis (14)	—	5	6	1	—	2	3 (21.4)	2 (14.3)	2 (14.3)	1 (33.3)
S. enterica sub. enterica (9)	1	3	2	2	1	—	3 (33.3)	3 (33.3)	—	—
E. cloacae (11)	—	1	6	1	1	2	4 (36.4)	2 (18.2)	2 (18.2	3 (75.0)
All isolates (440)	104	80	71	66	84	35	185 (42.1)	151 (34.3)	35 (8.95)	118 (63.9)

R0 = no antibiotic resistance; R1 = resistant to one antimicrobial category; R2 = resistant to two antimicrobial categories; R3 = resistant to three antimicrobial categories; R4 = resistant to four antimicrobial categories; R5 = resistant to five antimicrobial categories.