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| Study | Study method and objectives | Findings and conclusion |
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| Botelho et al. 2015 (Angola) [7] | One-year survey in Angola of 300 inhabitants to ascertain the prevalence of S. haematobium | The prevalence of S. haematobium in this population was 71.7% with predominantly dysuria, hypogastric pain, and hematuria |
|
| Husain et al. 2008 (Sudan) [8] | One-year retrospective study evaluating the risk factors of bladder tumor in Sudan | 84.6% of patients with SCC had a urinary schistosomiasis with Schistosoma egg seen on histology |
|
| Mapulanga et al. 2013 (Zambia) [9] | A prospective cross-sectional study assessing the epidemiology, associated infection, and histology of bladder cancer | 60.4% of the histology was SCC, and of these, 43.8% has associated Schistosoma infection |
|
| Mungadi et al. 2007 (Nigeria) [10] | 5-year retrospective review of the epidemiology of bladder cancer in Northwestern Nigeria | SCC accounted for 65.1% of all bladder tumors, and 50% of these cases had histological evidence of chronic urinary schistosomiasis |
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| Mohammed et al. 2012 (Nigeria) [11] | 5-year histopathological review of Schistosoma infection | Urinary bladder schistosomiasis was the commonest site 62.6% with 30% associated bladder cancer |
|
| Rambau et al. 2013 (Tanzania) [12] | 10-year retrospective study to assess the burden of schistosomiasis and bladder cancer | The leading histological type was SCC (55.1%), and 73.5% of cases were associated with schistosomiasis |
|
| Diao et al. 2008 (Senegal) [13] | Retrospective study of 428 patients assessing the epidemiological and histological profile of bladder cancer in Senegal | The leading histological type was SCC (50.7%), and 29.2% of cases had histological evidence of Schistosoma ova |
|
| Ibrahim et al. 2015 (Nigeria) [14] | Retrospective study of 144 patients reviewing the clinical and histological pattern of bladder cancer | The commonest histological type was SCC (63.9%), and 41.7% of cases had histological evidence of Schistosoma ova |
|
| Ochicha et al. 2003 (Nigeria) [15] | 4-year retrospective study of 89 patients assessing the histological profile of bladder cancer | The commonest histological type was SCC (53.0%), and 21.3% of cases had histological evidence of Schistosoma ova |
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