Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Risk Factors on the Prevalence of Diarrhea among Under-Five Children in the Rural Community of Dangila District, Northwest Ethiopia

Table 4

Status of under-five diarrhea across WASH indicators among children in Dangila district, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 419).

WASH indicators		Status of under-five diarrhea			χ ^2, value
		Yes, n (%)	No, n (%)	Total, n (%)
Under-five children handwashing practice before their meal	Yes	57 (16.2)	294 (83.8)	351 (83.8)	93.92, ≤0.001
	No	49 (72.1)	19 (27.9)	68 (16.2)
Open defecation practice of under-five children	No	58 (20.8)	221 (79.2)	279 (66.6)	8.99, 0.002
	Yes	48 (33.8)	92 (64.8)	142 (33.4)
Caregiver hand wash practice before feeding their under-five children	Yes	54 (15.4)	297 (84.6)	351 (83.8)	112.48, ≤0.001
	No	52 (76.5)	16 (23.5)	68 (16.2)
Drinking water source of under-five children	River	14 (53.3)	10 (41.7)	24 (5.7)	15.44, 0.001
	Stream	7 (25)	21 (75)	28 (6.7)
	Well	32 (25.8)	92 (74.2)	124 (29.6)
	Tape	53 (21.8)	190 (78.3)	243 (58)
Presence of clean environment	Yes	68 (18.2)	306 (81.8)	374 (89.3)	93.32, ≤0.001
	No	38 (84.4)	7 (15.6)	45 (10.7)
Handwashing facility	Present	16 (8.9)	163 (91.1)	179 (42.7)	44.26, ≤0.001
	Absent	90 (37.5)	150 (62.5)	240 (57.8)
Solid waste disposal	Present	43 (13.8)	268 (86.2)	311 (74.2)	84.02, ≤0.001
	Absent	63 (53.3)	45 (41.2)	108 (25.8)
Liquid waste disposal	Present	26 (9.9)	237 (90.1)	263 (62.8)	88.79, ≤0.001
	Absent	80 (51.3)	76 (48.7)	156 (37.2)